Philosophy And Its Potential Effects On Decision Making

Philosophy of education influences and largely determines, individual’s educational decisions. (Ornstein, Edwards Stacey, 2015) State and local policymakers, researchers, teachers, and administrators confront a variety of conflicting philosophies and prescriptions in the debate over school curriculum, structure and reform. (Elmore, 1990) Ultimately, choices related to school structure, culture and curriculum are influenced by the philosophy (lens) in which decision-making personnel use to view the world. (Ornstein, et.al, 2015) These decisions affect many components that comprise a school. This paper will discuss examples and impact of the Reconstructionism philosophy on curriculum choices and decision-making in schools. In the context of educational curriculum development, it is important to understand the meaning of philosophy and its potential effects on decision-making and educational outcomes. Philosophy is comprised of a number branches. There is metaphysics, which questions nature of reality; ontology, which concerns the nature of being; logic, which focuses on reasoning; epistemology, which focuses on knowledge investigation and ethics, which is the study of morality. (Harword, 2012) All of these branches of philosophy add to the difficulties many face in developing a single definition. However, a general definition of philosophy is a set of ideas about how to do something or how to live. (Marriam Webster, 2015) Specific to curriculum design, Orenstein definesShow MoreRelatedEthical Conflicts : Teleological, Deontological And Contemporary Theories Essay1270 Words   |  6 Pagesbusiness have a social responsibility. It is seen that when viewed as a normative ethical theory, it gives improvem ent to financial performance of the company. Consent of the stakeholders must be obtained then only they can participate in ethical decision making process and other business strategies(Carroll,.1999). Cross- cultural implications on business refer to implication of different cultural norms on business. Standardization of business ethics plays an important role as many cultures are seeingRead MoreA Personal Management Philosophy Is Not Best Expressed By Leaders And Management Personnel1373 Words   |  6 Pagesthat â€Å"One’s philosophy is not best expressed in words; it is expressed in the choices one makes†¦and the choices we make are ultimately our responsibility†. Roosevelt’s statement accurately reflects how others view the personal management philosophies adopted by leaders and management personnel. What is remembered is not what individuals say, but what they do. Ideas and philosophical outlooks on life and management can have significant impacts on the lives of others. Each decision a manager makesRead MoreTechnology On Our Generation s Future1239 Words   |  5 PagesCourtney Lofton Professor Watson Philosophy December 16, 2016 Technology on our Generation’s Future Technology is machinery created by scientific knowledge that serves an active role in our industries (Computerhope). Around the world technology has become one of the most popular forms of communication (Computerhope). Starting with regular rotary phones and advancing into Instagram, twitter and facetime. Technology dating back to 1943 when the first computerRead MoreThe Evolution of Modern Marketing Essay1154 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction In order to understand marketing one must first analyze the history of production and sales as it advanced into a marketing based approach to customer satisfaction. By definition according to rdi, â€Å"marketing is a business philosophy, the process responsible for anticipating, identifying and satisfying customer current and future needs†(rdi, 2011). To appropriately cognize marketing, one must acknowledge the evolutionary progression that transpired allowing the concept of marketingRead MoreItm301 Module 1 Case Assignment on Data, Information, and Knowledge1133 Words   |  5 Pagesare the potential benefits of knowledge management projects? What strategies should companies follow to achieve positive results in KM projects? KM is the set of procedures that tries to transform an organizations current practices of knowledge processing is known as Knowledge Management. It improves both the practice of knowledge processing and its outcomes in a significant manner. The field of Knowledge Management is the examination of various organizational processes and their effect on knowledgeRead MoreA Personal Management Philosophy Is Not Best Expressed By Leaders And Management Personnel Essay969 Words   |  4 Pagesthat â€Å"One’s philosophy is not best expressed in words; it is expressed in the choices one makes†¦and the choices we make are ultimately our responsibility†. Roosevelt’s statement accurately reflects how others view the personal management philosophies adopted by leaders and management personnel. What is remembered is not what individuals say, but what they do. Ideas and philosophical outlooks on life and management can have significant impacts on the lives of others. Each decision a manager makesRead More Finding an Existential Ethic Essay1570 Words   |  7 PagesFinding an Existential Ethic    Existential philosophy is subject to a single, seemingly debilitating criticism: it comprises a frame of mind rather than a theory. As Mary Warnock argues in her book Existentialist Ethics, It seems that to be attracted by Existentialism is to be attracted by a mood. When it comes to serious thought, one may find . . . that it is necessary to cast off the mood and start again (57). The focus of the existentialist is on the individual, existing being. ByRead MoreMerck Research Laboratories And Pharmaceutical Companies Essay1743 Words   |  7 Pagesinclude severe itching throughout the body, skin disfigurations, and total if not permanent blindness. As chairman of Merck, it is my decision on whether to allow Dr. Campbell and Dr. Mohammad Aziz and their research team to continue or discontinue their research to find a cure for River Blindness. I must answer several question before arriving at my final decision. Questions such as: should as a company invest more time and money i nto developing ivermectin into a drug that is safe for humans knowingRead MoreUsing Utilitarian Ethicals to Determine Right From Wrong Essay1496 Words   |  6 Pagesshareholders in the company, associated with the deaths that occurred (Shanks, 1996). This analysis will explore the use of Jeremy Bentham’s Utilitarian ethics in the decision making process for that company in this vital time. The Utility test and the Common Good Test will then be applied to this situation and through that decision making process and then compared. This will all be used in attempt to solve the current issue that was on the mind of all of the board members. Utilitarian Ethical ProblemsRead MoreEthical Decision Making For Military Leaders1714 Words   |  7 PagesCharacter: The Key to Ethical Decision-Making for Military Leaders General H. Norman Schwarzkopf stated, â€Å"The truth of the matter is that you always know the right thing to do. The hard part is doing it.† Although Schwarzkopf makes a compelling argument, his premise is invalid due to its inflexible scope and absolute finality. In other words, not all decisions are metaphorically black and white. Based on differing perspectives, and most certainly for military leaders, there are often shades of grey

Defining Masculinity And Femininity Through Advertisements

Today the media has a way of defining masculinity and femininity through advertisements. Different advertisements have different ways of defining masculinity and femininity. In an Emporio Armani Diamonds Fragrance advertisement, it advertises vivid visual elements to convey the idea that masculinity means being, desirable, handsome, over-confident, powerful and extremely wealthy. The definition of the Emporio Diamond add is achieved through the uses of stunning models, facial expressions, body language and the setting. The use of stunning models immediately attracts the audience’s attention. The first thing you see is four extraordinarily attractive human beings, one being a man, three being women. The women’s hands are all over the man,†¦show more content†¦They are all looking at him as if they want him and only him. Their eyes are on him looking up and down his entire body, analyzing him, and being extremely satisfied with what they see. Just by walking by, this man is so intriguing to them and is so fascinating; he is receiving all of the attention from all the three of the women. He is looking right into the camera with his mouth open, as if he is taking a substantially large sigh of relief, walking through the crowd. He looks relatively bothered by these unbelievable dazzling women and just wants to pass by without being disturbed. The visual effects of the models facial expressions bring masculine power to the man, portraying his control over the women. He has no care in the world for these women and is acting as if he is almost too good for them, when any man would love to be in his shoes. The body languages of the models have an all around feel of sexuality through out the advertisement. Each of the women are throwing their body’s onto the man. They all have their hands on him, grabbing his clothing, trying to pull him in all different directions. He is pulling away from the women trying to move forward almost as if he is ignoring them and is acting like he wants nothing to do with them. All women want what they cannot have, and his over-confidence is very sexy to them. The women look mesmerized by the man, and look like they will stop at

Disruptive Behaviors Free Essays

Research/Literature Review Disruptive and Violent Behaviors in the Classroom: Where do we begin to solve the problem? According to Random House Dictionary (1992), discipline is defined as â€Å"behavior in accord with rules of conduct. † It is an essential part of classroom management. Discipline in the classroom enables a teacher to focus on the task at hand, which is education our children. We will write a custom essay sample on Disruptive Behaviors or any similar topic only for you Order Now It also keeps a classroom or school in order and created a safer environment in which to learn. Disruptive behaviors in the classroom affect not only the student involved but also the teacher and other students. For example, if a student exhibits disruptive behavior as a means of gaining attention by throwing paper or talking during class, he or she takes the teacher off task to address his or her behavior. This also causes the other students to become off task. The disruptive student becomes satisfied because the attention rewards his/her negative behavior. These kinds of minor incidents, if rewarded, could lead to other forms of disruptions, which, if not controlled, could become aggressive and or violent situations. Take for instance the six-year old boy who shot and killed another six-year old classmate after a playground dispute in Mount Morris Township, MI on February 9, 2000 (Bonilla, 2000). If elementary school educators think the problem of crime, violence and aggression in youth will not affect them, then they must reconsider. This example has proven that the perpetrator is likely to be of any age, even as young as six-years old. As a teacher, one of my concerns is classroom management. In particular, I want to be well informed on the disruptive behavior of children, recognizing its causes and implementing a form of discipline that will not only stop the disruption and keep the students on task but also prevent it from occurring regularly. I believe being knowledgeable of the causes will enable us as educators to develop strategies to control and prevent these behaviors from occurring in the future, thus, keeping our students on task, as well as, making our schools a safer place to learn. This paper is organized in a three-fold manner, including research on the following focus areas: (1) overview of aggressive and disruptive behaviors and violence in schools; (2) possible causes and consequences for aggressive and disruptive behaviors; (3) strategies for assessment, intervention and prevention. Definitions/Overview of Concepts How do we begin to derive a solution to the problem of violence in our schools? It only seems appropriate to first define aggression and violence. Jan Jewett (1992), the author of Aggression and Cooperation: Helping Young Children Develop Constructive Strategies, defines aggression as â€Å"any intentional behavior that results in physical or mental injury to any person or animal, or in damage to or destruction of property. According to researcher Lorraine Wallach (1996), violence and aggression are often confused and are used interchangeably to mean the same thing. In fact, she states that aggression is inborn while violence is learned. Aggression provides the force that can cause violent behavior to erupt if it is not handled properly. Wallach’s definition of violence is very similar to Jewett’s definition of aggression. Wallach (1996) states, â€Å"violence means using force to hurt, violate or abuse persons or destroy property. † In their study, Kamps, Kravits, Stolze and Swaggart (1999) define aggression as, â€Å"purposeful physical contact intended to harm a peer or that could be harmful with force†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Basically this definition is synonymous with that of Jewett and Wallach. For the purpose of this paper, aggression is defined by using a variation of the above mentioned definitions as the force that causes disruptive and sometimes violent behaviors to flare. Violent behaviors are defined as intentional behaviors meant to hurt, violate or cause damage to any person or property as a result of aggression. Violence in Schools Rossman and Morley (1996) found that violence and crime in schools have been around for decades but the nature of the behaviors has changed. They found that forty years ago teachers were reporting the most common classroom problems to be tardiness, talkative students and gum chewing. The present-day grievances have changed dramatically. They include the presence of drugs, gangs, weapons, as well as concerns about verbal assaults, bullying, physical attack, robbery and rape (Rossman Morley, 1996). In their synthesis of research, Rossman Morley (1996) presented a 1993 Nationwide school-based survey by the Centers for Disease Control which reported the following results: 1. 4. 4% of 9th 12th graders missed at least one day of school because they felt unsafe on school grounds 2. 11. 8% reported carrying a weapon to school 3. 7. 3% of these students reported having been threatened or injured with a weapon on school property 4. 6. 2% reported having been involved in at least one physical fight at school 5. 32. 7% reported having property deliberately damaged or stolen while at school Much of the research presented in Rossman Morley’s article was conducted on adolescents and teenagers. Elementary educators should be aware of this research because they encounter these children before they become â€Å"problem chi ldren†. Elementary teachers have a great impact on the behavior of their students, especially as they become adolescents. For this reason, it is important for teachers to monitor the current research in order to prevent possible violent outbreaks among these children. A survey on the opinions of teachers, reported by the National Center for Education Statistics, revealed that teacher’s opinions on the safety of public schools are not good. This survey, conducted from 1987-88 to 1993-94, noted that elementary school teachers are reporting â€Å"physical conflicts as a moderate to serious problems† (Rossi Daugherty, 1996). Possible Causes and Consequences of Disruptive/Aggressive Behaviors According to child and adolescent psychiatrist Dr. Baer Max Ackerman (1998), there is no single pre-determining factor that causes aggressive behavior in children. Nature and Nurture interact to make up a child’s personality. This section of this paper will focus on both, internal and external factors that may cause aggressive and violent behaviors in children. Internal Factors Rossman and Morley (1996) give several internal and external causes for crime and violence in children. The biological factors or stressors include fetal alcohol syndrome, or crack babies. The factors impair the individuals’ abilities to exercise cognitive controls or engage in stable social relationships. This idea is also supported by Lorraine Wallach (1996), she states, â€Å"†¦brain research links early deprivation and abuse with physiological changes†¦which can be neurological or chemical may make the afflicted individuals susceptible to violent and addictive behavior†. Other research (Massey, 1998) indicates the consequences of violence in the early years include shaken baby syndrome which can cause, â€Å"†¦brain damage, blindness, cerebral palsy, hearing loss, spinal cord injury, seizures, learning disabilities and even death† (Massey, 1998). External Factors A study conducted by Stormshak and Bierman (2000) was designed to determine whether five distinct parenting practices could be related to various profiles of disruptive behavior problems in their children. The study included 631 kindergartners and their parents; they were from four areas of the United States, Durham, NC; Nashville, TN; Seattle, WA; and Central PA. The researchers (Stormshak and Bierman, 2000) collected their data through parenting interviews on reports of child behavior problems. A factor analysis was then conducted. The results of this study indicated that there is an association between parental physical aggression and aggressive child behavior. This finding suggests that spanking, physical aggression and violent forms of parenting are related to â€Å"active, aggressive, externalizing behaviors† (Stormshak Bierman, 2000). A limitation in research, according to the researchers, was their reliance solely on parent reports for the child’s behavior problems, as well as of parenting practices. The responses of the parents may have reflected what they believed to be acceptable parenting styles. Other researchers Nelson, Martella Galand, (1998) have found that parents that are unskilled in their use of punishment for their children’s disruptive behavior, and this only make things worse. Research (Aidman, 2000) done over the past forty years concludes that violence on television programs has negative effects on young viewers. Children learn to use the aggressive behavior they witness to benefit themselves. The learning of aggressive behavior has been forecasted to increase when the violence witnessed is justified, graphic, extensive or realistic, when the perpetrator is attractive, conventional weapons are present and when the violence is rewarded or presented in a humorous fashion. Aidman (2000) also suggests in her article that when children are repeatedly exposed to aggressive acts and violence, they become desensitized to its harmful and realistic consequences. The long-term effects of desensitization of violence have been of special concern for parents and educators of young children. Consequences of violence on children who witness violence include low self-esteem, withdrawal, nightmares, self-blame and aggression/violence towards peers and family members (Massey, 1998). Bullock, Fitzsimons, and Gable (1996) note, Factors that contribute to an increased likelihood of aggressive behavior include not only the child’s temperament and parent’s child-rearing and discipline practices, but also exposure to medial and real life violence- such as, spousal abuse/victimization, severe parental depression, chronic economic hardship, unemployment and family criminality. The external factors associated with crime and violence in children offered by Rossman and Morley (1996) are as follow: 1. Unsatisfactory family environment/relationships: poor parenting skills and child rearing conditions, insufficient nurturing and pro-social bonding, lack of parental supervision, ineffective or harsh discipline or repeated abuse 2. Limited opportunity routes attributed to social inequalities: these minimize youths’ exposure to pro-social role models and diminish youths’ ability to envision productive, secure futures 3. School factors that are conducive to disorder, crime and violence: –Overcrowding -High student/teacher ratio –Insufficient curricular/course relevance –Low student academic achievement and apathy Another study suggest the aggression in children emerges from being rejected by peers (Mounts, 1997). It is important for young children to have good peer relationships. Friendships and good peer relationships provide the following, according to Dr. Mounts: (1) companionship and support in stressful times such as divorce; (2) a source of fun and recreational activities; (3) loyal allies during tough interactions; (4) confidants and holders of secrets. This may allow a child to release tension and aggressive energy by talking to someone his or her own age. Peer relationships provide critical opportunities and outlets for children to learn to manage conflicts in their lives. According to research by Dr. Mounts (1997), children of single-parent homes, or homes where both parents work spend greater amounts of time in the company of peers. The following characteristics of peer-rejected children were cited in her research: (1) display high levels of verbally and physically aggressive behavior towards peers; (2) are disruptive; (3) frequently are off task in the classroom. These characteristics represent children who cause disruption and are a source of discipline problems in the classroom. Dr. Mounts (1997) found that 1/3 of all peer-rejected children were seen as highly aggressive. Forty-eight percent of rejected 6th graders were interested in receiving help in improving their peer relationships. Other research presented by Kamps, Kravits, Stolze and Swaggart (1999) supports this relationship; they report that early trends of antisocial behavior are later predicted to result in aggressive behavior. A study by Edmondson and Bullock (1998) was conducted using the method of focus group. It involved five elementary-school-aged boys, 3 Hispanic, 1 Asian American and 1 African-American students from grades 4 and 5 of an inner-city elementary alternative center. The study focus was on determining these students’ thoughts, feelings and perceptions on the topic of aggression and violence in schools. The researchers believed that students from this kind of setting could, â€Å"†¦provide educators with valuable information regarding youth who display aggressive and violent behavior† (p. 35). Results of this study (Edmondson Bullock, 1998) suggest that the behavior and thought patterns of young people are affected by their social skills. These subjects appeared hopeful about resolving aggressive and violent behaviors in schools (Edmondson and Bullock, 1998). This article identifies possible causes of aggression in youth to be linked to societal influences. Violence and aggression can also have adverse effects on learning, according to Massey (1998). She states, â€Å"academic achievement enhances the development of positive self-esteem and self-efficacy†¦which are necessary for children to experience emotional well-being and to achieve success† (p. 3). Strategies for Assessment, Intervention Prevention There is a wealth of information regarding intervention and prevention of aggression and violence in students. While conducting the research for this topic, I came across several articles and studies. Unfortunately, only a fraction of what is available to educators, parents and the interested public will be presented in this paper. Assessment Strategies Three elementary-aged boys in regular education classrooms, identified with extremely disruptive in-school behavior were included in a study by Ellis and Magee (1999) to assess activities of the Behavioral Assessment and Technology Support Systems (BATSS). The BATSS conducts functional analysis of very disruptive behavior in children labeled severely emotionally and behaviorally disordered. The subjects included a 10 year-old with ADHD, another 10 year-old with Pervasive Developmental Disorder and a 6 year-old with mild autism from two suburban school districts. The researchers (Ellis and Magee, 1999) gathered data from observation conducted by the observation team for 10 days during regular classrooms, special area classes, recess and lunch. According to Ellis and Magee (1999), †¦The goal of functional analysis is not to find the one true approach but to find the most appropriate strategy that will provide the most information and that will ultimately result in an effective intervention that can be implemented by the relevant personnel in a particular setting. (p. 6). Functional analysis assessment was used in the beginning on maladaptive behaviors, such as STB (self-injurious behavior), occurring with persons living in housing for those with developmental disabilities (Ellis and Magee, 1999). When this method of assessment was moved into natural settings, research was primarily conducted on persons with mental retardation. Functional analysis were rarely conducted in school settings. â€Å"Replicating the functional analysis in regular education class after analyzing the behavior†¦helps explain how the circumstances of a classroom routines modulate the effects of a procedure†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p. 93). In this replication of a BATSS study, †¦results suggest that validating each functional analysis outcome in the student’s classroom, with the teacher conducting the analysis, provides direct opportunity for the classroom teacher to observe the effects of directly applied behavioral contingencies on the students targeted behavior. (p. 1 8) This study provides evidence that when the results of a functional analysis produces changes in disruptive or inappropriate behavior, functional analysis can become institutionalized (Ellis and Magee, 1999). Another study by Scott, DeSimone, Fowler and Webb (2000) consisted of three male elementary-aged students whose behavior interfered with the quantity and quality of their classroom instruction. The researchers evaluated functional behavior assessment to develop interventions for disruptive behaviors. They state that in the past, teachers relied upon disapproval, punishment and exclusion as a means of eliminating disruptive classroom behavior. According to research (Scott et al. , 2000), these types of interventions are ineffective. Functional behavior assessment can be applied as a validated procedure for intervention with disruptive students. This involves â€Å"†¦identifying the purpose or function of student behavior followed by teaching and reinforcing more desirable replacement behaviors that are selected to serve the same function for the student. † Information obtained from the assessment can be used to define appropriate replacement behaviors, as well as, develop intervention strategies. Findings from this study show the importance of having a pre-planned intervention (Scott et al. , 2000). Prevention/Intervention Strategies Kamps, Kravits, Stolze and Swaggart (1999) cited several studies in which the researchers found that without intervention, antisocial behaviors beginning at an early age are predicted to develop into learning difficulties. Kamps et al. (1999) conducted a study on a total of 52 (28-target group and 24-control group) elementary and middle school students at risk for EBD (emotional and behavioral disorders) from urban schools. The researchers’ goal in this study was to investigate a â€Å"universal intervention† prevention program. The intervention consisted of behavioral management programs, social skills instruction and peer tutoring in reading. The researchers (Kamps et al. , 1999) found that student performance across several key behaviors in the target group improved the prevention program. This group also showed a decrease in aggression. They state, â€Å"†¦early interventions, such as programs for elementary-age students, may prevent further deterioration of behaviors and stop a negative trajectory toward academic and social failure. Overall, this study contributed to support the use of preventative programs for at-risk students and students with EBD in elementary schools (Kamp et al. , 1999). The results from this study may be applied to all students. Lorraine Wallach (1996) offers alternative suggestions to preventing aggression and violence among children. Her ideas are formed around the schools and centers that educate and care for young children. These include: 1. Schools should provide teache rs who exhibit warmth and kindness and are willing to make an investment in the children they educate 2. Teachers must show respect to children and their efforts to be independent 3. Schools should provide for young children an environment that is easily managed and orderly 4. Programs that are interesting, challenging and fun should be provided by the schools; these types of programs â€Å"provide an outlet for the aggressive energy†¦Ã¢â‚¬  as well as build self-confidence and self-esteem 5. Schools should offer many opportunities for self-expression; this gives children a chance to reveal their feelings, How to cite Disruptive Behaviors, Papers

Environmental Sustainability Construction â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Environmental Sustainability In Construction? Answer: Introduction The triple Bottom framework is a framework used by most of the companies and organization to measure the social, financial and environment achievements and issues of the company. The company to achieve greater value in present as well as in the future does this. Environmental factors have been one of the critical issues in the operations of the organization. Thus, it has been important for the company to track their environmental problems and solve it accordingly (Gold, Hahn Seuring, 2013). Sustainable development is an ability by which an organization meets their productivity goal while maintaining the need of the environment. Thus, in other words it can be stated that it is a process by which the organization develop by sustaining with the natural environment (Holden, Linnerud Banister, 2017). There is a high and positive relationship between the concept of triple bottom line and sustainability development. This is because according to the TBL model it is important for the organization to measure their social, financial and environment goals. On the other hand, to get a good measurement and result of their environmental goals the organization should adopt sustainable development process. Thus, only by carrying out their operations sustainably the organization can get a good measure in the environmental factor of sustainability (Griggs et al., 2013). Tripe bottom lines relate to the sustainable development criteria. This is because TBL explains the measurement of achievements by the organization and sustainable development shows the way to achieve the goals sustainably. Thus, after targeting, the goals related to social, financial and environmental the organization then decides the ways by which it will develop sustainably. Thus, TBL is important for sustainable development as it help them measure the needs of carrying out their efforts towards the environment. TBL also helps the company to know the effect on their development if they do not operate sustainably (Milne Gray, 2013). Sustainability if assumed to be a broad concept and is applied in a number of contexts such as environmental sustainability, business sustainability and many more. Thus, it is also applied in the construction business while carrying out their task. It is a way by which the company carries out their activity without compromising the resources for the future generation. The construction business is a business that emits a lot of harmful elements on the environment because of its drilling and digging activities it is involved in (Kibert, 2016). Thus, it is necessary to decide on the sustainability strategy in the beginning of the business. However, it is seen that the managers of the construction business can only reduce the harmful effect of the rework without completely eliminating it. TBL also plays a significant role in carrying out the construction work sustainably. As TBL helps to measure the degree of environmental achievement by the company, it will help the construction busines s to structure out the level of achievement and the further sustainability they need (Winkler, Deller, Marcouiller, 2015). The report discuses about the sustainability effort of a construction company named ADCO Construction by analyzing its strategies. Further, it discusses about the organizational profile, reporting parameters and management approach towards sustainability. Lastly, it analyses the challenges and issues associated with the sustainability in the internal and external environment of Construction Company like ADCO. Introduction to the company ADCO construction is a building making and construction company in Australia. It is one of the successful companies in Australia and aims at delivering some of the best projects across the country. The company was started in 1972 and has recently completed a total of 3500 projects under them. The company stands in Australia with a value of $10 billion and a profit of $1 billion. It has varieties of projects under them that ranges from $1 million to $150 million. Some of the clients of the business are repeated customers as they value the quality of buildings and projects the company covers. This is because the company is known for offering the projects in time, within the budget and without many complexities. The operation team of the company travels all over Australia to offer their building and designing services. This helps the organization offer their services without any boundaries. The company uses the best and modern techniques and materials for their business to offer the bes t quality projects. However, it is necessary for a construction business to maintain sustainability in their working environment to eliminate all the harmful effect of their activities. This will help the company attain sustainability development and to measure their value with the help of TBL (Blumberga et al., 2014). This is because the harmful effect omitted by eh companys operation will not only effect the environment, will also reduce their value in the market. Thus, in order to be in the top line of the triple bottom line model it is necessary that the organization abide by it. The top activities of the business are construction, designing, cost planning and contractor business (Overview, 2017). Strategy and analysis The strategy adopted by the company is mainly a competitive strategy. This is because the company has always tried to become the best in the field they operate. It has always aimed to be the most developed construction company in Australia by providing the best quality projects and at a competitive price and quality (Gamble Thompson 2014). However, to achieve this it has taken various modern machineries and equipment used for its construction activities. To achieve their target in time the company has also taken up an integrated management system, which helps them offer the project in time and with the best quality. To keep a track of their work and activity the company maintains an audit team and tries to audit the work on a monthly basis. This helps them see the loopholes are their operation and fix it to be competitively stronger in the construction industry. However, while achieving their aims and goals the company also maintains a standard with the environment and abides by it (Yeheyis, et al., 2013). They have their own team of safety management, quality management and environment management. All the three management are certified to the ISO rules and looks after the effect the operation process of the business is putting on the environment. The company is also an active member of green building council in Australia in which it has adopted some sustainable development practices. These activities of the company will help them develop sustainably and increase their value in the Triple Bottom Lines. Organizational profile History of the company The company focused in this paper named ADCO Construction is a forty-six years old company operating since 1972. Since then the company has only grown and captured huge market share. It is rated among the top fifty-construction company in Australia. It has always been committed to most of their client regarding their work and delivery. The company also holds some of their employees that are more than seven years old in this organization (Overview, 2017). Industry experience Since the time of introduction, the company has presently acquired a huge space in Australia. This is because of the multiple products and services it offers to the clients and witout any area bound. It has an experience of developing a total of 3500 projects including constructions, design and others and has earned a value of $10 billion (Overview, 2017). It has developed building and infrastructures of some of the most known clients in Australia such as the government in all level such as federal, state and local, private enterprises as well as the institutions owned privately as well as by the government. This has helped the company to acquire a lot of skills and knowledge of the business. It has also adopted continuous innovations and improvement in their operations to ensure a good market position. This has helped the company to hold a strong market position and resources. Product Range The product range of the company comprises of both the services and the projects that the organization offer to the customers. Major categories of products that the organization offers are buildings, designing, modeling and others. The basic products that the company offers to the customers such as the in aviation, commercial, community, education, green, health center, retail and many more. The organization offers these products to the customers through its offices in Sydney, Brisbane, Melbourne, Gold Coast, Townsville and Perth. This is the basis of strength for the company through which it grows. The company also offers various services to the customers in order to help them easily avail the products offered by it from time to time and other queries. Some of the services of the company are: Contracting services Managing the contractor services Enquiry department Designing Managing the designing process Cost planning Project budget enquiry team The services are offered to the customer from the company with the help and support fo some crucial person of the business such as the national Management Team and other management teams. Reporting parameters Product Time Cost Quality Quantity Construction 6 months $1 million to $125 million High quality 1 project Designing 1 months $1 million to $20 million Premium and modern designing 1 project Cost planning 1 months Not required Structured and reasonable 10 clients Green Building 12 months $1 million to $100 million Environmental friendly 1 building Governance, commitments and engagement The company also abides by the rules and policies of the government such as maintain the business internal and external environment and the limitation of pollution they can make in the environment they are operating. ADCO also take up projects from government sectors from both the federal, local and state level. This shows that the company maintains a good relationship with the government and fulfills the entire commitments hat it is entitled. It carries out a good government and company engagement. Management The management team of the company is the most important part as they are the one that carries out all the important activities of the company. The company holds a good management team both for their construction activities and for maintaining the sustainability work. The management team for its constructing and designing work is the Board of Directors, National Management Team and others. For their sustainability work, the company has adopted teams under the name of Green Project that helped the company in building environmental friendly buildings to the customers (Pacheco-Torgal, 2014). Challenges and issue in reporting sustainability From the above discussion, it can be seen that the company does carry out certain sustainability program through its new Green Building project and has recently completed six Green Building in Australia (Wang, Toppinen, Juslin, 2014). However, the company still faces certain challenges in carrying out a successful sustainability initiatives. This is because it is not possible for the management team to induce sustainability in all its construction and services. It is impossible for any construction company to eliminate the pollution and emission it causes due to its building works. This is because the type of activities it is indulge into requires digging and drilling of the surface and use paint for designing purpose that contains harmful ingredients which adds to the air pollution (Madurwar, Ralegaonkar Mandavgane, 2013). This can possess a lot of challenge on the organization to meet with the environmental aspect successfully. This is because the type of operations that they fol low is difficult for them to change them completely according to the needs of the environment. They need to think of some other methods by which they can just reduce the impact of their operation. However, the company has come up with Green Building, which they are making, and has successfully completed 6 Green Star buildings (Keeler, Vaidya, 2016). The company was able to adopt this concept of sustainability in its operation with the help of its in house expertise. The project launched by the company with the proper certification of ISO 14001 to maintain the concept of sustainability in their business. Only through such ways, the company can think of developing sustainably (Feng, 2013). It also has various types of programs and management team for safety operations such as the Environmental Management and Quality Management team. However, some sort of issues will be faced by the construction work as without digging the earth and putting the pillars a building cannot be made. This causes some sort of air pollution in the surrounded area where the building is being made. The company more or less abides by the environmental issues of construction and faces minimum challenges and issues in this concern (Bebbington, Unerman O'Dwyer, 2014). Conclusion From the above analysis, it can be concluded that sustainability is important for the organization to grow and develop. Developing sustainably is becoming crucial in todays world and is helps in measuring the value of the organization in the Triple Bottom line framework. ADCO is a construction company, which has grown over the years and acquired a market value of $10 billion. The company has also used successful sustainability management tools and implemented a new type of Green building abiding by the need of the environment. The organization has also been successful in implementing their new sustainability programs and ideas. However, the company still faces some challenges in relation to sustainability, as it is a construction and designing based company, which requires some drilling, and digging activity of the ground that causes pollution. However, the efforts put by a company of this sort is good and above expectation and has helped in a great way in reducing the harmful elemen t being generated during the construction work of ADCO. References Bebbington, J., Unerman, J., O'Dwyer, B. (Eds.). (2014).Sustainability accounting and accountability. Routledge. Blumberga, A., Blumberga, D., Bazbauers, G., Zogla, G., Laicane, I. (2014). Sustainable development modelling for the energy sector.Journal of cleaner production,63, 134-142. Feng, Y. (2013). Effect of safety investments on safety performance of building projects.Safety science,59, 28-45. Gamble, J. E., Thompson Jr, A. A. (2014).Essentials of strategic management. Irwin Mcgraw-Hill. Gold, S., Hahn, R., Seuring, S. (2013). Sustainable supply chain management in Base of the Pyramid food projectsA path to triple bottom line approaches for multinationals?.International Business Review,22(5), 784-799. Griggs, D., Stafford-Smith, M., Gaffney, O., Rockstrm, J., hman, M. C., Shyamsundar, P., ... Noble, I. (2013). Policy: Sustainable development goals for people and planet.Nature,495(7441), 305-307. Holden, E., Linnerud, K., Banister, D. (2017). The imperatives of sustainable development.Sustainable Development,25(3), 213-226. Keeler, M., Vaidya, P. (2016).Fundamentals of integrated design for sustainable building. John Wiley Sons. Kibert, C. J. (2016).Sustainable construction: green building design and delivery. John Wiley Sons. Madurwar, M. V., Ralegaonkar, R. V., Mandavgane, S. A. (2013). Application of agro-waste for sustainable construction materials: A review.construction and Building materials,38, 872-878. Milne, M. J., Gray, R. (2013). W (h) ither ecology? The triple bottom line, the global reporting initiative, and corporate sustainability reporting.Journal of business ethics,118(1), 13-29. Overview | ADCO. (2017).Adcoconstruct.com.au. Retrieved 12 September 2017, from https://www.adcoconstruct.com.au/about-us/overview/ Pacheco-Torgal, F. (2014). Eco-efficient construction and building materials research under the EU Framework Programme Horizon 2020.Construction and building materials,51, 151-162. Wang, L., Toppinen, A., Juslin, H. (2014). Use of wood in green building: a study of expert perspectives from the UK.Journal of cleaner production,65, 350-361. Winkler, R., Deller, S., Marcouiller, D. (2015). Recreational housing and community development: A triple bottom line approach.Growth and Change,46(3), 481-500. Yeheyis, M., Hewage, K., Alam, M. S., Eskicioglu, C., Sadiq, R. (2013). An overview of construction and demolition waste management in Canada: a lifecycle analysis approach to sustainability.Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy,15(1), 81-91.

Scarlette Letter Essays - English-language Films, The Scarlet Letter

Scarlette Letter OTHER ELEMENTS SETTING There are two ways to talk about setting in The Scarlet Letter. One way is to look at the meaning or emotional overtones of specific places. A second and broader way is to examine the whole Puritan world in which Hawthorne has set his novel. Not just the time and place, Boston in the 1640s, but the values and beliefs that define Puritan society. THE MARKET-PLACE AND THE FOREST Far and away the most important scenes in The Scarlet Letter take place in two locations, the market-place and the forest. These are presented to us as very different places, reflecting very different human aspirations. The market-place is public. It lies at the very heart of the tiny enclave of civilization the Puritans have managed to carve out of the vast, untouched continent. The market-place contains both the church and the scaffold- institutions of law and religion. It is where criminals like Hester are punished, where penitents like Dimmesdale confess, and where men put on the faces they wear for the world. The forest, on the other hand, is dark and secret. It is where people come to let loose and be themselves. The forest track leads away from the settlement out into the wilderness where all signs of civilization vanish. The forest track is precisely the escape route from the dictates of law and religion to the promised land to the west where men can breathe free. The market-place and the forest are symbols of the choice that confronts the major characters in the novel. The choice is not as simple as it seems. For all its restraints, the market-place is safer and warmer than the forest. And you can't get into so much trouble there. In the heart of the settlement, there is the comfort of values that are shared, of laws that are laid down and respected. Above all, there is the comfort of people who care. The open air of the forest is exhilarating, but cold. Nothing is known in the wilderness, everything is up for grabs. There is no one around to stop you from going to the devil. And when you do, he is right there waiting for you. THE PURITAN WORLD Surely the setting of The Scarlet Letter- the stern, joyless world of Puritan New England- is one of the grimmest on record. It is all gloom and doom. If the sun ever shines, we hardly notice. The whole place seems shrouded in black. A question comes to mind as we read the novel. Why did Hawthorne choose this dark world for his masterpiece? Perhaps we can tackle that question by asking another one. Why did Hawthorne reject the contemporary scene? Even if he chose to ignore the richly suggestive American settings of the 1820s and '30s, (the Erie Canal, for instance, or the Alamo), he had first-hand material to draw on in his own life and career. Part of the answer, of course, is that Hawthorne could write about the contemporary scene. He did write about it in The Custom House. But what he could write was comedy. The pathetic old Salemites who worked for Uncle Sam lent themselves not at all to the tragic work he had in mind. Perhaps if Hawthorne reached back to Salem in the 1600s, he would find more figures invested with the same dark and dusky grandeur, more men and women who would speak as directly to his creative imagination. The Puritan world of the mid-17th century apparently gave Hawthorne something he badly needed- people who lived their lives to the full instead of snoring them away. In the pages of The Scarlet Letter, the Puritans emerge from the shadows of an earlier time, broad shouldered, ruddy cheeked, firm of step, and direct of speech. They were a stern people, of course, and repressive. They probably put the lid on more natural human impulses and emotions than any society before or since. But just for that reason, emotions boiled over, passions a novelist could seize at red heat. More important, the Puritans had a moral vitality never again found on the American scene. For a writer like Hawthorne, intrigued with the subject of conscience, here were

How Many Ways Can You Edit

How Many Ways Can You Edit In my opinion you cannot edit too much unless you have no idea what youre writing. If you have purpose in your project and understand the direction of your story, then youll know when the editing is done. How many times do you edit a story? Wrong question. The question is more along the lines of how many ways can you edit. I cannot tell you whats right for all writers, novelists, freelancers and copywriters, but I can tell you what I do when Im writing my mysteries. I also use many of these for my magazine projects as well. The ways Hope edits: 1) Finish the rough draft. (on screen) 2) Let it sit overnight at a minimum. A novel needs to sit for a week or two. 3) Edit it on screen for the big picture aspects. Does it have a beginning, middle and ending? Does it open strong and end strong, making the point clear? Did the middle sag? Is the plot solid? 4) Edit it on screen for flow, syntax, and flavor. Tweak dialogue. Revisit the climax. Dissect the pivotal scenes. Make the setting three dimensional and the characters real. 5) Edit it on screen for grammar, typos and spelling. 6) Print it off and pull out your red pen. Read it with a hard editors eye, slowly and methodically. You will see the story differently on paper than you did on the screen. 7) Now, read it aloud. You can read it to someone or they can read it to you. If the other person is not a serious writer, have them read it to you, so your ear can catch the mistakes, lulls and boredom. 8) Have a beta reader who is a writer read it. 9) Have a beta reader who is a voracious reader read it . Do not waste your time with someone who is not a solid, well-read recreational reader. They will not catch the boo-boos. 10) Hire an editor. 11) Find a copyeditor. 12) Find a proofreader. (You can often combine numbers 10, 11, 12 or 11 and 12.) One editing tactic that makes my work better is locating repeating words. As you read your work aloud, youll hear the words that are stated too many times. In my most recent manuscript, I took note of such words as I read it, listing words like HAND, LOOK, ROSE, UNDERSTAND, THOUGHT, and STOOD. Dont assume you repeat the same words in each of the works, because Ive found that no two stories are the same in the words I like to overuse. There are lots of steps to edit your work, especially your long works. If you wonder about whether youre editing enough, chances are you arent.

Vindication of the rights of women with structures on political and Essay

Vindication of the rights of women with structures on political and moral subjects - Essay Example One of the most important things to remember about this work is the fact that it was written following the French Revolution. The French Revolution was a much feared event in England, where Mary Wollstonecraft hailed from. The possibility of revolution was something that the English aristocracy feared to a great extent. This fear influenced many of their worldviews and beliefs. However, it was important to many members of the intelligentsia as a result of the liberal philosophy that it espoused. This work comes in the backdrop of the continuing French Revolution that was based on the ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity. It is also based on these ideals as it talks through several perspectives for the development of equality for women in regard to their male counterparts in the society. It also seeks to counteract those notions that enable such a denigration of the roles that women play in the society. This is then something that needs to be analyzed in a more minute manner. Th is paper shall look at the different issues that Wollstonecraft brings into her discussion of gender and her critique of patriarchal social relations as they existed in England during the time of her writing this work. The work also needs to be seen in terms of the legacy of the Augustan age when reason was considered to be the most important faculties of mankind. Wollstonecraft draws on reason as the basis of the society that she envisages for mankind and also looks at reason as the way out for the patriarchal conundrum that women were faced with. This is the basis of the rights that she envisages for women. This is significant as it is a break away from the tradition-oriented debates that were common in England at the time of the French Revolution. English conservative politicians had begun to extol the virtues of traditions at a time when they were being threatened by the revolutionary fervor that was present in France. This was detrimental to the condition of women as their righ ts were being curtailed in England as a result of this insistence on tradition as well. This is one of the reasons as to why it was important for a work of this kind to come out at this point of time in history, especially in England. This insistence on tradition is then countered using the notion of reason as it was prevalent in England. Despite having said this, the spirit of the work derived from the ideas of freedom that emanated from the French Revolution. It is in this relation that one needs to look at the arguments that are advanced in favor of education by the author. She talks of education as the means through which women can be empowered. She advances the notion that this would enable them to think independently and understand the value of reason and understanding. This would also, according to her, help women to nurture their children better. She says, Contending for the rights of woman, my main argument is built on this simple principle, that if she be not prepared by e ducation to become the companion of man, she will stop the progress of knowledge and virtue; for truth must be common to all, or it will be inefficacious with respect to its influence on general practice. And how can woman be expected to cooperate unless she

Daves Success With the Wendys Restaurant Case Study - 2

Daves Success With the Wendys Restaurant - Case Study Example Dave afterward opened his own restaurant and called it Wendy’s restaurant and started selling the food that he loves-fresh hamburgers, inspite of being advised that the market was saturated. This is a true spirit of an entrepreneur; an individual who sees an opportunity where there is none and creates something completely new and different from what everyone is offering. In addition, Dave Thomas comes up with fresh ideas and starts a strategy that is different from other businesses by providing fresh and quality food. Earlier on, he had worked at KFC selling fried chicken, but then he saw an opportunity in the market for selling fresh hamburgers. This is also something that he loved and entrepreneurs usually should start something that they love. All Dave’s ideas are successful which proves that he has the makings of a great entrepreneur.  Dave’s success with the first Wendy’s restaurant came from the fact that he offered something completely new, appeal ing and different from what others were doing –Dave offered quality and freshness and allowed customers to make orders for what they wanted. Dave was able to differentiate his product offering by selling made-to-order hamburgers, chili, French fries, (real) milkshakes and soft drinks. For an entrepreneur to succeed in any business s/he must cut a market niche for himself/herself and offer customers unique and quality products/services not available anywhere else. This unique competitive advantage became a game changer in the industry and by the sixth week, Dave had broken even. Dave simply implies that for a business to be successful it has to satisfy the needs of its customers by offering what the customer wants; in other words, providing value as well as satisfying the customer. He also implies that the business owner should aim at achieving his key objectives/reasons for starting the business.  

Discuss any two major factors that contributed to the scramble for and Essay

Discuss any two major factors that contributed to the scramble for and acquisition of African colonies in the late nineteenth-century - Essay Example like French used assimilation policy to rule, Africans were illiterate and their dressing code was skins and tree barks, Africans also believed in their own traditional God they had sacred places for worshiping and worshiped physical features and land marks for example in East Africa in a country called Kenya a tribe called the ‘Agikuyu’ who lived on the slopes of Mount Kenya originally known as Mount ‘Kirinyaga’. African who lived around the Mountain worshiped the mountain as their God they had no religion at all they only worshiped the mountain and believed that God was lived at the top of the mountain. The first European to see Mount Kenya was a missionary called Dr Living Stone who was spreading Christian religion around that place on 19th century. Most of the Europeans powers wanted to convert African to Christianity and all those who had been converted to Muslim by the Arabs who had visited Africa in the early 15th century the also knew Africa as a ‘dark’ continent where no religion existed they had no information that Africans had their own traditions and believes, they only wanted to introduce Christianity so as to compete with Muslims and Arabs in Africa and other parts of the world. By the end of 19th century there was an industrial revolution back in European countries and therefore the Europeans mainly come to Africa in search of raw materials to supply and meet the demands to their industries back at home, some of the row materials include cotton, coffee and the minerals include the gold and diamond-rich from Southern Africa and Egypt, and animal products like hides and skins making shoes and many other industrial use and ivory for making ornaments. The European also had come along with there own goods and wanted to exploit and obtain market for their own goods which the Africans were lacking this include cloths weapons like guns and gun powder, beads glassware and many others. The Europeans invested heavily in the mining

Prevention Strategies for Escherichia Coli

Prevention Strategies for Escherichia Coli a) As the snack food is made from meat, there are four types of bacteria that will possibly contaminate it which are Escherichia.coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus,and Listeria monocytogenes (FSIS, 2015). Escherichia.coli is a bacterial that is usually present in the intestines of humans and animals. Although, most of them are harmless as they play an important role in the intestinal tract of a healthy individual. However, there are a few of them that are pathogenic as they can result in diarrhea and can be transmitted through the contact of human or animalfaeces. Altogether, there are sixpathotypes that are linked with diarrhea which are as follows Shiga toxin-producing   Escherichia.coli (STEC), Enterotoxigenic Escherichia.coli (ETEC), Enteropathogenic Escherichia.coli (EPEC), Enteroaggregative Escherichia.coli (EAEC), Enteroinvasive Escherichia.coli (EIEC), Diffusely adherent  Escherichia.coli   (DAEC) (CDC, 2015). However, the Escherichia.coliO157 strain, which is classified under Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia.coli (STEC), is considered the most harmful as it causes bloody diarrhea, kidney failure and can result indeath (Anon., 2015). It infects its host by producing large amounts of Shiga toxins that damages the intestinal lining severely to cause Hemorrhagic Colitis or otherwise known as bloody diarrhea. It can also cause Hemolytic uremic syndrome which results in kidney injury (Koo, 2014). Salmonellais a common bacterial that usually cause food poisoning which targets the stomach and intestines. It is normally present in meat, eggs, unprocessed milk and poultry (Bech, 2014). The symptoms are diarrhea, nausea, fever, stomach cramps, and vomiting which usually last for 4 to 7 days. The incubation period is between 12 and 72 hours upon infection (England, 2014). However, one must consume Salmonella contaminated food in order to cause infection (FSIS, 2015). Staphylococcus aureusis a common bacteria found on the skin, nasal passages, throats and hair of healthy individuals.Staphylococcalfood contamination can occur when a person who is infected with the bacteria handles the steakwithout proper sanitary handling procedures. Other possible sources of meat contamination of Staphylococcus aureus can also take place such as the surfaces and equipment that the meat is prepared on (Anon., 2015). Staphylococcal food poisoning happens when an individual ingest the enterotoxins that are produced in the contaminated meat, often due to the improper heating up of the meat to kill off most of the bacteria (USFDA, 2014). Listeria monocytogenesis a bacterium that is usually found in soil, water, uncooked and processed meat, cooked or processed food, smoked salmon, vegetables and dairy products (CDC, 2013). Ingestion of food contaminated with this bacterium can cause Listeriosis which is a serious infection (CDC, 2013). AlthoughListeria monocytogenescan be killed by proper cooking, the bacteria can still contaminate the cooked meat due to physical hazards such as poor food handling practices and sanitation (FSIS, 2015). Another potential food safety hazard that I have identify is the use of herbs and spices to marinate the steak. Herbs come from plants and spices are from seeds, bark or roots of plants (Ward, 2010). Because they are from plants, which contains spore-producing bacteria, this indicates that the bacteria spores is capable of further contaminating raw meat which is in contact with soil and vegetative origin.This would introduce additional microbiological hazards such as Bacillus spp. and spore forming organisms which are able to survive the drying process and continue to germinate to produce toxins. During the process of handling with this dried snack food, there should be a food safety management system such as The Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) system. This system is used worldwide by all food businessesto identify and control microbiology activity as well as physical and chemical hazards that might be present during production. It consists of seven principles that govern and maintain food hygiene procedures (ASQ Food, 2014). Therefore, I would advise her to take note of the possible food safety hazards that have been mentioned and the procedures of manufacturing this dried snack food has to be in compliance to the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) system. b) There are several information that I would like to know as to assist the businesswoman in preparing the dried snack food safely for consumers. The following are the information required: Where was the meat from? Normally, the cattle are raised till maturity in a farm where they are given formulated food. During cattle raising, the cattle are injected with antibiotics to prevent diseases. In order to slaughter the cattle legally, a withdrawal period is needed from the time the antibiotics is given. This is to give sufficient amount of time for the antibiotic residues to be released from the cattle. The United States Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) would conduct sample testing for antibiotic residues upon slaughtering. Results have shown that the percentages of residue violations are very low and there are no traceable antibiotic residues present in the tissues of the cattle (FSA, 2015). There are several factors that have to be taken into consideration such as the conditions of the farms that the cattle are living and the food that they consume. For example, improper drainage of faeces, design of feeders and drinkers can contribute to the accumulation of bacterial contamination in the farm which leads to the dirty cattle. The cattle are then infected with diseases such as pneumonia, coccidiosis and salmonellosis. Thus, it is important to have a healthy livestock of cattle to avoid all these problems. There are two factors that can contribute to the contamination of meat production chain such as direct and indirect contact of contamination. Direct contact can occur when bacteria that are present on the skin of the cattle such as excrement and mud which can contaminate the meat during the slaughtering process. Whereas, indirect contact could occur when the hands, tools and equipment that are used to slaughter the cattle contains bacteria which will then infect the meat (FSA, 2002). How was the uncooked meat handled? For proper handling of raw beef, place them in a sealed disposable plastic bag. You can either freeze it at -17.8 °C so as to keep it longer (about 6 to 12 months)or refrigerate at 4.4 °C but have to consume it within 3 to 5 days (Safety, 2015). The reason why the meat is to be kept at cold temperatures is because this is to inhibit bacterial growth. Time, temperature and conditions of marinating and cooking the meat? First, the raw steak is marinated with herbs and spices which will introduce additional microbial hazard such asspore forming bacteria to the meat. Thus, for safe marinating procedures, do not marinate at room temperature as most bacteria are able to grow quickly. Instead, marinate the meat in a cold environment so as to avoid entering the danger zone, which is between 4 °C and 60 °C. For beef steak, the approximate time taken to marinate would be 2 to 4 hours (Stradley, 2014). For safe cooking of steak, cook them at a minimum internal temperature of 62.8 °C for about 4 5 minutes per side and allow the meat to rest for at least 3 minutes before eating. This is done to kill off most of the bacteria that might be present on the meat. However, do not cook the steak partially as this does not destroy most of the bacteria and might multiply (USDA, 2015). Time and temperature of the drying process? I would suggest drying the marinated steak strips using an oven at 75 °C as there is a constant circulation of dry air and heat source. The temperature is important in drying this snack food because gentle heatingwill not be sufficient as this does not ensure that any bacteria that might still be present on the meat prior to cooking are killed (USDA, 2015). For example, bacteria such as Bacillus flavother musT  have a maximum temperature cardinal value of 72 °C and if the meat is cooked to the temperature of 60 °C, the bacteria will still be able to survive (Todar, 2008 2012). Thus, they will continue to multiply in numbers and colonize the meat. Storage of final dried meat product? How long is the meat product stored? Always ensure to store dried meat in a vacuum packaging as this will minimize oxygen levels which inhibit the growth of aerobic bacteria. It also helps to reduce the oxidation of the meat which will result in meat spoilage. These will extent the shelf life of the snack food (Anon., 2012). A sealed dried meat product can be stored to a period of 12 months. However, if the dried meat product is made from home, then it can only be kept for about 1 to 2 months (USDA, 2013). Is water activity taken into consideration? Water is a requirement for bacteria growth, thus, it must be removed so as to inhibit the growth of microorganisms. It can be reduced by the drying process and the addition of salt to preserve the meat. How the salt works is that it would absorb all the water on the meat by the process called osmosis (Martin R. Adams and Maurice O. Moss, 2008). Are there hygiene practices done in the preparation of the dried snack food? To prevent cross-contamination, good hygiene practices and procedures are required in regards to handling the snack food. Food handlers should always wash their hands thoroughly with surfactants such as soap before and after handling with meat products. Always clean and disinfect all utensils, equipment and work surfaces before the preparation of the meat product. And do not mix raw and cooked food. Instead, incorporate the use of separate working and storage areas of raw, cooked and dried meat products (FSA, 2015). c) I would suggest the use of aerobic plate count and immunomagnetic separation to test the presence of Salmonella spp. and Escherichia.coli O157 In aerobic plate count, dilutions of the food sample are carried out and are then plated onto agar plates which contain suitable growth nutrients to favor the growth of microorganisms. The plates are then incubated at temperatures that bacteria can grow. After the incubation period, the total numbers of bacterial colonies arecounted; therefore, the total number of viable cells can be estimated (Hayes, 1995). Thelevels of Aerobic Colony Count (ACC) are used as a guidance to determine if the food product is safe for consumption (Agency, 2009). For example, if the Aerobic Colony Count (ACC) levels of bacteria have exceeded the expected level, the product cannot be consumed. For Salmonella spp., the infectious dose is normally 105 organisms, which is quite a big number. Whereas, as for Escherichia.coli O157, the infectious dose isless than 50 organisms (Inc., 2004). For Escherichia.coli O157 and Salmonella, Immunomagnetic separation is used as the â€Å"gold standard† to detect and isolate the bacteria as it is specific and sensitive. Then targeted organism is then isolated which will undergo serotyping for characterization (Inc, 2004). According to the guidelines for the microbiological safety of ready-to-eat foods, they are to be cooked and processed properly, especially with the addition of herbs and spices. It also includes bacteria that can possibly be from the source of poor hygiene. Lastly, tests on ready-to-eat foods are required so that food products which are not in compliance with the microbiological food safety criteria can be identified to protect public health (Agency, 2009). References Agency, H. P., 2009. Guidelines for Assessing the Microbiological Safety of Ready-to-Eat Foods Placed on the Market. [Online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/363146/Guidelines_for_assessing_the_microbiological_safety_of_ready-to-eat_foods_on_the_market.pdf Anon., 2012. Vacuum Packaging of Food Products. [Online] Available at: http://modifiedatmospherepackaging.com/modified-atmosphere-packaging-resources/vacuum-packaging Anon., 2015. E. coli. [Online] Available at: http://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/ecoli/ [Accessed 12 May 2015]. Anon., 2015. Food Safety. [Online] Available at: http://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/staphylococcus/ [Accessed 12 May 2015]. ASQ Food, D. a. C. D., 2014. The Certified HACCP Auditor Handbook. 3rd ed. Wisconsin: American Society for Quality. Bech, C., 2014. Salmonella and food poisoning. [Online] Available at: http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health_advice/facts/salmonella.htm [Accessed 3 February 2014]. CDC, 2013. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [Online] Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/listeria/sources.html [Accessed 10 January 2013]. CDC, 2013. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [Online] Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/listeria/definition.html [Accessed 2 January 2013]. CDC, C. f. D. C. a. P., 2015. E.coli (Escherichia coli). [Online] Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/general/index.html [Accessed 16 April 2015]. England, P. H., 2014. Salmonella: guidance, data and analysis. [Online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/salmonella-guidance-data-and-analysis [Accessed 7 June 2014]. FSA, F. S. A., 2002. Red Meat Safety. [Online] Available at: http://www.food.gov.uk/sites/default/files/multimedia/pdfs/publication/redmeatsafety.pdf [Accessed March 2004]. FSA, F. S. A., 2015. Cleaner cattle and sheep. [Online] Available at: http://www.food.gov.uk/business-industry/farmingfood/cleaner-animals/cleaner-cattle-sheep FSA, F. S. A., 2015. Food hygiene for businesses. [Online] Available at: http://www.food.gov.uk/business-industry/caterers/food-hygiene FSIS, 2015. United States Department of Agriculture. [Online] Available at: http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/meat-preparation/beef-from-farm-to-table/ct_index [Accessed 24 March 2015]. FSIS, F. S. a. I. S., 2015. [Online] Available at: http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/meat-preparation/beef-from-farm-to-table/ct_index [Accessed 24 March 2015]. FSIS, F. S. a. I. S., 2015. United States Department of Agriculture. [Online] Available at: http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/meat-preparation/beef-from-farm-to-table/ct_index [Accessed 24 March 2015]. Hayes, P. R., 1995. Food Microbiology and Hygiene. In: 2nd ed. London: Chapman Hall, p. 189. Inc., T. A. S. f. M., 2004. Microbiology Australia. In: D. P. Bishop, ed. Qualitative vs quantitative microbiology. 3rd ed. Melbourne: Cambridge Publishing, p. 11. Inc, T. A. S. f. M., 2004. Microbiology Australia. In: D. P. Bishop, ed. Qualitative vs quantitative microbiology. 3rd ed. Melbourne, Australia: Cambridge Publishing, p. 20. Koo, I., 2014. Bloody Diarrhea, or Hemorrhagic Colitis, Caused by E. coli O157:H7. [Online] Available at: http://infectiousdiseases.about.com/od/diseasesbyname/a/E_coli_O157H7.htm [Accessed 30 April 2014]. Martin R. Adams and Maurice O. Moss, 2008. Food Microbiology. 3rd ed. Guildford: The Royal Society of Chemistry. Safety, F., 2015. Storage Times for the Refrigerator and Freezer. [Online] Available at: http://www.foodsafety.gov/keep/charts/storagetimes.html [Accessed 12 May 2015]. Stradley, L., 2014. Marinating Meat Guidelines Marinating 101. [Online] Available at: http://whatscookingamerica.net/MarinatingSafely.htm Todar, K., 2008 2012. Nutrition and Growth of Bacteria. [Online] Available at: http://textbookofbacteriology.net/nutgro_5.html USDA, U. S. D. o. A., 2013. Jerky and Food Safety. [Online] Available at: http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/meat-preparation/jerky-and-food-safety/ct_index [Accessed 6 August 2013]. USDA, U. S. D. o. A., 2015. Beef from Farm to Table. [Online] Available at: http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/meat-preparation/beef-from-farm-to-table/ct_index USDA, U. S. D. o. A., 2015. Jerky and Food Safety. [Online] Available at: http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/meat-preparation/jerky-and-food-safety/ct_index USFDA, U. F. a. D. A., 2014. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. [Online] Available at: http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodborneIllnessContaminants/CausesOfIllnessBadBugBook/ucm070015.htm [Accessed 16 December 2014]. Ward, E. M., 2010. Spices Herbs Health Benefits and Adding Spices To Foods. [Online] Available at: http://www.webmd.com/food-recipes/spices-and-herbs-health-benefits [Accessed 5 August 2010].

Abortion :: essays research papers

ABORTION CONTROVERSY Abortion refers to termination of pregnancy with the consent of the mother. Therefore even when the mother herself is demanding abortion, pro-lifers maintain that termination must not be allowed because it violates basic rights of the unborn child. Pro-choice quarter on the other hand, advocates a mother’s right to health and feels that an unwanted child would only lead to numerous economic, social and emotional problems for the woman. The paper therefore addresses both sides of the issue and also briefly mentions that the role of the Supreme Court in this area. ‘ABORTION’ INTRODUCTION AND CONFLICT Abortion is one of the most critical issues on each American administration’s agenda. This is because while every politician would love to avoid the issue altogether, public wants to know exactly what the government’s stand on this particular issue is so that they would be able to judge it better. This is quite strange how stance on abortion has become an important criterion for judging a government and it can either turn people in favor of it or completely against it depending on how government interprets its own stand. From this it is evident that people attach great degree of significance to this issue because it somehow is related to their sense of morality and tolerance. Let us understand what exactly abortion is and what is the significance of Court in this particular area of conflict. Abortion refers to termination of pregnancy at any stage and people are divided on this issue because the pro-abortion quarter thinks right to termination is connected with women’s basic rights while the pro-life quarter maintains that we must also think of the child that is growing in the womb. Jerry Z. Muller (1995) writes: â€Å"In contemporary American political debate, usually treated as conflicts between rival interpretations of individual rights. Those who favor abortion most often invoke the "right to choose" of the woman who has conceived the fetus. Those who oppose abortion focus on the "right to life" of the fetus.† (Muller, 1997: 27-28) There is little that one quarter can do to convince the other that its stance is more appropriate because they both have valid arguments in favor of their views on the subject. But it pays to enlighten ourselves regarding both sides of the issue because if we have an open mind, deeper knowledge of the subject might help us at reaching a more a more objective balanced conclusion.

Relationship Between Public and Private Policing Essay

Abstract This paper will explore the historical relationship between public and private policing. It will also discuss how the relationship has changed in recent years. Relationship Between Public and Private Policing Since the terrorist attacks that struck inside the heart of our country on 11 September 2001, civilian law enforcement agencies have been busy performing not only their regular duties of crime prevention and response, but also taking on a large number of homeland security functions and all of this during a time when local, state and federal budgets are ever tightening. Similarly, private security institutions are under comparable pressure to carry out their traditional duties to provide protection of information, property and people, as well as sharing the additional duties of homeland security. Despite the fact that public and private police organizations share the same ultimate goal of protecting the public, they do not have a long history of working well together. Security officers have historically been looked down upon by law enforcement personnel. Some police feel that there is a definite lack of pre-employment screening, certification, training, standards, and regulation of security officers. Other police officers feel that security personnel receive insufficient training, especially those who carry weapons. Another perception that some police have is the view that security officers are those who couldn’t make it as law enforcement officers so they settled for a career in security. Meanwhile, some security officers view police as snobs who do not have an understanding of the range of capabilities, functions and resources offered by the private security field and thus fail to appreciate the role they can play. Private policing really got its start in the U.S. in the mid-1800s with the  foundation of the Pinkerton National Detective Agency in Chicago Illinois by Allan Pinkerton, the first man to be appointed as a detective in the Chicago Police Department. Since the federal government did not have personnel that could follow criminals across state lines, and local police personnel were ill equipped to handle the job, the Pinkerton Agency was hired to deal with criminal gangs (BSIS, n.d.). The company also performed many duties that are now handled by federal and state law enforcement agencies such as guarding railroads, conducting criminal investigations, and providing security advice to banks and other businesses. â€Å"Policing is not necessarily the exclusive dominion of government, but rather a ‘service’ that could be assumed either by public or private agencies† (Elizabeth Joh, 2004). According to the Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, in 2000 th ere were 797,000 law enforcement officers employed in the United States by local, state and federal agencies. In comparison, private security organizations throughout the country employed roughly two million security officers (National Policy Summit, 2004). With these numbers it only makes sense for there to be a cooperative relationship between public and private police agencies. Joining the capabilities of the two sides would benefit each profession and greatly enhance the protection level that could be afforded to the citizens of this country. For example, the public police agencies usually receive more current threat information, while the private police agencies tend to maintain control over the areas or facilities that are considered vulnerable to attack. It has been estimated that â€Å"85 percent of the country’s critical infrastructure is protected by private security organizations† (National Policy Summit, 2004). One factor that I believe has had a positive impact on improving relations between public and private police agencies is the crossover of personnel. Many times when law enforcement personnel at the local, state or federal level retire from their agencies, they tend to take on positions of employment with in the private police field as Directors or other higher level positions due to the degree of their experience. These personnel maintain their contacts from within the law enforcement realm which can facilitate opportunities for much needed training and education of security officers, as well as increased probabilities for the sharing of information between agencies. Another aspect which is closely related is the hiring of  off-duty police officers to perform private security functions and details. Many companies feel that hiring an off-duty police officer to perform private security functions can be an effective crime deterrent when there is a visible police officer presence. Most public police agencies allow their officers, with advanced permission from the department, to work security duties or details while wearing their police uniform and even operating their department issued police vehicle. Another advantage of hiring off-duty police officers is that they maintain the power of arrest and use of force at all times, whether on or off-duty. So when a crime occurs, you already have a police presence on scene that can handle the matter. There are even some police agencies which are actually commercializing their services. According to Massimiliano Mulone, â€Å"police organizations are selling the services they provide to private individuals/organizations, from renting off-duty police officers to offering training for the private security workforce† (2012). There are some negative aspects to hiring off-duty police personnel to perform private security duties. First of all, the average police officer will charge at least twice as much as the hourly wage a typical security officer will be paid. Another issue to consider is the fact that some police officers will not perform some of the more menial tasks that a regular security officer would be required to perform as par t of their normal duties. Additionally, since the police officer is not depending on this part time job as a primary source of income, they may not put the same level of devotion into completing the tasks of the position as a security officer that is performing this job as their primary source of employment. Furthermore, â€Å"recent research finds that that fatigue associated with overtime and outside employment may contribute to accident and injuries involving police officers and may lead to more citizen complaints† (James Brunet, 2008). Another issue of concern is that while a police officer is performing in an off-duty capacity as a security officer, they can be called away from these duties to assist on-duty officers with incidents that occur nearby. Lastly, a company that hires off-duty police personnel to work in a private security capacity must be aware that there are unique legal issues to be considered, such as when Miranda warnings should be used and under what cir cumstances searches may be authorized. In almost every major city throughout the country, shopping malls, hospitals, apartment complexes, university campuses and housing associations depend on various private police organizations for security. Evidence shows that private policing has considerably decreased crime rates in neighborhoods across the country. â€Å"After the ‘Grand Central Partnership,’ an organization of over 6,000 businesses, hired a private security force to guard a 70 block area in the midtown Manhattan area, crime rates dropped by 20 percent after two years, by 36 percent after three years and 53 percent after five years† (Kai Jaeger and Edward Stringham, 2011). Another example of this statement is the â€Å"introduction of private policing by Critical Intervention Services in a low-income area of Florida that reduced crime rates an average of 50 percent† (Jaeger and Stringham, 2011). The greater the number of private property establishments that can be covered by private police agencies will allow the public police officers to concentrate their efforts on responding to the more significant crimes. The reality is that government agencies are being required to do more with less, cut budgets and ultimately cut the number of public police officers that are needed to protect the public. On the other side of the issue, private security organizations are constantly growing and providing more professional and better trained security officers in order to stay competitive in the private policing field. In many instances it is getting harder to distinguish between the public and private police officers and the overall duties they can perform. By combining the efforts of the two spheres of responsibility it would greatly benefit both sides, as well as provide a higher level of protection for the citizens of this country. References Brunet, J. A., PhD. (2008). Blurring the line between public and private sectors: The case of police officers’ off-duty employment. Public Personnel Management, 37(2), 161-174. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.bellevue.edu:80/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/215949642?accountid=28125 Bureau of Security and Investigative Services. (n.d.) A Brief History. Retrieved from http://www.bsis.ca.gov/about_us/history.shtml Jaeger, K. and Stringham, E. (2011). National Center for Policy Analysis. Private policing options for the poor. Retrieved from http://www.ncpa.org/pub/ba763 Joh, E. E. (2004). The Paradox of Private Policing. Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology, 95(1), 49-131. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.bellevue.edu:80/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/218388345?accountid=28125 Mulone, M. (2012). When private and public policing merge: Thoughts on commercial policing. Social Justice, 38(1), 165-183. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.bellevue.edu:80/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1022716230?accountid=28125 National Policy Summit. (2004). Building Private Security/Public Policing Partnerships to Prevent and Respond to Terrorism and Public Disorder. Retrieved from https://www.theiacp.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=LNLjjcfSktQ%3D&tabid=432

Cincinnati Water Air Pollution Plan Essays

Cincinnati Water Air Pollution Plan Essays Cincinnati Water Air Pollution Plan Paper Cincinnati Water Air Pollution Plan Paper Essay Topic: Air pollution Water pollution Basically, it can be defined as the presence of chemicals in the atmosphere in incinerations high enough to affect climate and harm organisms and materials (Miller, 2005). The air pollution in Cincinnati is photochemical smog, which is also called brown-air smog. Photochemical smog is a mixture of air pollutants formed by the reaction of nitrogen oxides and volatile organic hydrocarbons (VOCE) under the influence of sunlight (Miller, 2005). There are several factors contributing to the photochemical smog over Cincinnati. Car exhaust, industry, coal-burning, gas-powered lawn equipment, paints and boats on the Ohio River are some of the major contributors with AR exhaust contributing 44% alone. Oak trees in the surrounding hills emit high levels of Voss which are ingredients in the development of the smog. Photochemical smog has many harmful effects to human health and the health of other living organisms but it also increases the rate Of destruction Of buildings, metals and rubbers. Water pollution in Cincinnati is just as harmful. The Ohio River ranks number three on the list of the most polluted waters in the United States. One of the pollutant sources is from Mill Creek which runs near Cincinnati and is highly industrialized. Wastes and toxins from factories and plants are dumped into Mill Creek contaminating the water which then flows into the already highly polluted Ohio River, which is also polluted from industry, agriculture and barges carrying coal, oil, wastes and chemicals. There are some naturally occurring prevention methods like rain, snow wind and cooler temperatures but these alone cannot put a stop to the severe air and water pollution in Cincinnati and its surrounding towns. Human intervention is needed and it is needed now. City, state and federal government programs need to be put into place to find and enforce solutions. To clean up the air in Cincinnati transportation planning and changes need to be implemented. New transit services, park-and rides and bicycle paths along with education would help lower emissions from vehicle exhaust. Using bodiless as a fuel source in factories rather then burning coal would lower emissions as would funding more buses to be switched from burning old fuel sources to using an alternative fuel like bodiless. Selectively replacing the large amount of oak tress in the surrounding hills with trees that emit lower levels of Voss would also assist in reducing the photochemical smog over Cincinnati. Changing factories and companies to alternative energy sources, such as solar, would assist with air quality but these costs would be very high and difficult to enforce. We have options to clean up the water in Cincinnati also. The first is to clean up the air. Pollutants from the air are transferred to the ground and to the waterways by rain, snow and winds. By reducing air pollutants the first step is taken in reducing water pollution. Factories and plants that will find substitutes to the toxic chemicals they use can reduce the harmful effects to the water and air. Source reduction and recycling within the factories and lands would greatly red cue the wastes going into the waterways. Reusing the waste water that has been treated for irrigating crops would keep the wastes from being dumped directly into Mill Creek and the Ohio River. The most cost-effective and feasible solutions to reduce air and water pollution Start with education and community involvement. TO reduce air pollution car exhaust emissions must be dramatically reduced. Providing more public transport with vehicles using bodiless and teaching the citizens of Cincinnati the benefits of public transportation along with replacing oak Reese in the surrounding hills with trees that emit lower levels of Voss air pollution can be reduced greatly. Parking garages and parking lots can be removed as a means of encouraging public transportation and replaced with parks that have organisms and plants that support the ecosystem and air quality. The best means of restoring water quality to Mill Creek is prevention of waste through source reduction. This would also be the most cost-effective strategy. Company ices setting zero waste goals by reusing and recycling would assist in preventing these wastes that are washed into the waterways and sake operational costs more efficient as well. By making pollution prevention as important as safety regulations and quality control regulations for companies these goals could be easily attained. Cincinnati, Ohio and Evansville, Indiana share similar water pollution issues as the Ohio River runs through both areas. The toxins from waste dumping in Cincinnati are washed down to the Evansville where soil erosion adds to the pollution. By following the strategies of reducing wastes in Cincinnati and preventing soil erosion through low impact development and smart growth in Evansville both communities can begin reducing pollution along the Ohio River and set an example for other communities to do the same. Cincinnati and Evansville both have high levels of air pollution but the sources differ. The main source Of air pollution in Evansville is from utilities and the main source in Cincinnati is from vehicle exhaust. Both are dangerous to life and the ecosystem and both can be controlled through education and implementing plans that follow the 4-RSI of resource use: refuse, reduce, recycle and reuse (Miller, 2005). Air and water pollution affect our ecosystems and lives more dramatically hen many citizens of the united States and citizens from all over the world are willing to admit. Lack of education plays a big role in this denial of the facts.

Free Essays on Red Death

Poe Question Paper Why does Prince Prospero believe he can shut out the â€Å"Red Death?† Why doesn’t he realize that by inviting in so many people, that someone is bound to have come in contact with the â€Å"red death?† Maybe he does know. Maybe he is just trying to â€Å"save face† to his people by acting like they will be saved from it. Why does he believe that â€Å"the external world could take care of itself?† Does he think everyone will eventually die out and the plague will be gone? Does he think then everyone will be free to come out of the castle? Is Prospero trying to distract everyone with entertainment and alcohol so they will forget why they are really there? Does he want them to forget because the â€Å"Red Death† is inevitable? How can these people actually allow themselves to have a good time when mass amounts of people are dying? How can they begin to feel secure in the castle? When Prince Prospero throws the masquerade, why is the palace arranged oddly? Why are there seven rooms? What are the seven rooms? Do they represent the stages of life? Why does each room have a color? Do the colors represent something? Why does everyone fear the sound of the ebony clock? Does the clock signify the time they have left? Why do they pause every time the clock makes a sound? Is it because it reminds of them of what they are hiding from? Why do they laugh when the noise is over? Are they literally laughing in the face of death? Are they laughing because they believe they have escaped the â€Å"Red Death?† Everytime the clock rings they vow to not to pause in a similar way again so why do they continue to do so at the next hour when it chimes again? Is it in remembrance to those who have died from this plague? A moment of silence, perhaps? Or is it a feeling of relief that they are still alive? Why do the people left outside of the palace think Prospero is mad? Why do the residents inside the Pa... Free Essays on Red Death Free Essays on Red Death Poe Question Paper Why does Prince Prospero believe he can shut out the â€Å"Red Death?† Why doesn’t he realize that by inviting in so many people, that someone is bound to have come in contact with the â€Å"red death?† Maybe he does know. Maybe he is just trying to â€Å"save face† to his people by acting like they will be saved from it. Why does he believe that â€Å"the external world could take care of itself?† Does he think everyone will eventually die out and the plague will be gone? Does he think then everyone will be free to come out of the castle? Is Prospero trying to distract everyone with entertainment and alcohol so they will forget why they are really there? Does he want them to forget because the â€Å"Red Death† is inevitable? How can these people actually allow themselves to have a good time when mass amounts of people are dying? How can they begin to feel secure in the castle? When Prince Prospero throws the masquerade, why is the palace arranged oddly? Why are there seven rooms? What are the seven rooms? Do they represent the stages of life? Why does each room have a color? Do the colors represent something? Why does everyone fear the sound of the ebony clock? Does the clock signify the time they have left? Why do they pause every time the clock makes a sound? Is it because it reminds of them of what they are hiding from? Why do they laugh when the noise is over? Are they literally laughing in the face of death? Are they laughing because they believe they have escaped the â€Å"Red Death?† Everytime the clock rings they vow to not to pause in a similar way again so why do they continue to do so at the next hour when it chimes again? Is it in remembrance to those who have died from this plague? A moment of silence, perhaps? Or is it a feeling of relief that they are still alive? Why do the people left outside of the palace think Prospero is mad? Why do the residents inside the Pa...