Philosophy And Its Potential Effects On Decision Making

Philosophy of education influences and largely determines, individual’s educational decisions. (Ornstein, Edwards Stacey, 2015) State and local policymakers, researchers, teachers, and administrators confront a variety of conflicting philosophies and prescriptions in the debate over school curriculum, structure and reform. (Elmore, 1990) Ultimately, choices related to school structure, culture and curriculum are influenced by the philosophy (lens) in which decision-making personnel use to view the world. (Ornstein, et.al, 2015) These decisions affect many components that comprise a school. This paper will discuss examples and impact of the Reconstructionism philosophy on curriculum choices and decision-making in schools. In the context of educational curriculum development, it is important to understand the meaning of philosophy and its potential effects on decision-making and educational outcomes. Philosophy is comprised of a number branches. There is metaphysics, which questions nature of reality; ontology, which concerns the nature of being; logic, which focuses on reasoning; epistemology, which focuses on knowledge investigation and ethics, which is the study of morality. (Harword, 2012) All of these branches of philosophy add to the difficulties many face in developing a single definition. However, a general definition of philosophy is a set of ideas about how to do something or how to live. (Marriam Webster, 2015) Specific to curriculum design, Orenstein definesShow MoreRelatedEthical Conflicts : Teleological, Deontological And Contemporary Theories Essay1270 Words   |  6 Pagesbusiness have a social responsibility. It is seen that when viewed as a normative ethical theory, it gives improvem ent to financial performance of the company. Consent of the stakeholders must be obtained then only they can participate in ethical decision making process and other business strategies(Carroll,.1999). Cross- cultural implications on business refer to implication of different cultural norms on business. Standardization of business ethics plays an important role as many cultures are seeingRead MoreA Personal Management Philosophy Is Not Best Expressed By Leaders And Management Personnel1373 Words   |  6 Pagesthat â€Å"One’s philosophy is not best expressed in words; it is expressed in the choices one makes†¦and the choices we make are ultimately our responsibility†. Roosevelt’s statement accurately reflects how others view the personal management philosophies adopted by leaders and management personnel. What is remembered is not what individuals say, but what they do. Ideas and philosophical outlooks on life and management can have significant impacts on the lives of others. Each decision a manager makesRead MoreTechnology On Our Generation s Future1239 Words   |  5 PagesCourtney Lofton Professor Watson Philosophy December 16, 2016 Technology on our Generation’s Future Technology is machinery created by scientific knowledge that serves an active role in our industries (Computerhope). Around the world technology has become one of the most popular forms of communication (Computerhope). Starting with regular rotary phones and advancing into Instagram, twitter and facetime. Technology dating back to 1943 when the first computerRead MoreThe Evolution of Modern Marketing Essay1154 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction In order to understand marketing one must first analyze the history of production and sales as it advanced into a marketing based approach to customer satisfaction. By definition according to rdi, â€Å"marketing is a business philosophy, the process responsible for anticipating, identifying and satisfying customer current and future needs†(rdi, 2011). To appropriately cognize marketing, one must acknowledge the evolutionary progression that transpired allowing the concept of marketingRead MoreItm301 Module 1 Case Assignment on Data, Information, and Knowledge1133 Words   |  5 Pagesare the potential benefits of knowledge management projects? What strategies should companies follow to achieve positive results in KM projects? KM is the set of procedures that tries to transform an organizations current practices of knowledge processing is known as Knowledge Management. It improves both the practice of knowledge processing and its outcomes in a significant manner. 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As Mary Warnock argues in her book Existentialist Ethics, It seems that to be attracted by Existentialism is to be attracted by a mood. When it comes to serious thought, one may find . . . that it is necessary to cast off the mood and start again (57). The focus of the existentialist is on the individual, existing being. ByRead MoreMerck Research Laboratories And Pharmaceutical Companies Essay1743 Words   |  7 Pagesinclude severe itching throughout the body, skin disfigurations, and total if not permanent blindness. As chairman of Merck, it is my decision on whether to allow Dr. Campbell and Dr. Mohammad Aziz and their research team to continue or discontinue their research to find a cure for River Blindness. I must answer several question before arriving at my final decision. Questions such as: should as a company invest more time and money i nto developing ivermectin into a drug that is safe for humans knowingRead MoreUsing Utilitarian Ethicals to Determine Right From Wrong Essay1496 Words   |  6 Pagesshareholders in the company, associated with the deaths that occurred (Shanks, 1996). This analysis will explore the use of Jeremy Bentham’s Utilitarian ethics in the decision making process for that company in this vital time. The Utility test and the Common Good Test will then be applied to this situation and through that decision making process and then compared. This will all be used in attempt to solve the current issue that was on the mind of all of the board members. Utilitarian Ethical ProblemsRead MoreEthical Decision Making For Military Leaders1714 Words   |  7 PagesCharacter: The Key to Ethical Decision-Making for Military Leaders General H. Norman Schwarzkopf stated, â€Å"The truth of the matter is that you always know the right thing to do. 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Defining Masculinity And Femininity Through Advertisements

Today the media has a way of defining masculinity and femininity through advertisements. Different advertisements have different ways of defining masculinity and femininity. In an Emporio Armani Diamonds Fragrance advertisement, it advertises vivid visual elements to convey the idea that masculinity means being, desirable, handsome, over-confident, powerful and extremely wealthy. The definition of the Emporio Diamond add is achieved through the uses of stunning models, facial expressions, body language and the setting. The use of stunning models immediately attracts the audience’s attention. The first thing you see is four extraordinarily attractive human beings, one being a man, three being women. The women’s hands are all over the man,†¦show more content†¦They are all looking at him as if they want him and only him. Their eyes are on him looking up and down his entire body, analyzing him, and being extremely satisfied with what they see. Just by walking by, this man is so intriguing to them and is so fascinating; he is receiving all of the attention from all the three of the women. He is looking right into the camera with his mouth open, as if he is taking a substantially large sigh of relief, walking through the crowd. He looks relatively bothered by these unbelievable dazzling women and just wants to pass by without being disturbed. The visual effects of the models facial expressions bring masculine power to the man, portraying his control over the women. He has no care in the world for these women and is acting as if he is almost too good for them, when any man would love to be in his shoes. The body languages of the models have an all around feel of sexuality through out the advertisement. Each of the women are throwing their body’s onto the man. They all have their hands on him, grabbing his clothing, trying to pull him in all different directions. He is pulling away from the women trying to move forward almost as if he is ignoring them and is acting like he wants nothing to do with them. All women want what they cannot have, and his over-confidence is very sexy to them. The women look mesmerized by the man, and look like they will stop at

Disruptive Behaviors Free Essays

Research/Literature Review Disruptive and Violent Behaviors in the Classroom: Where do we begin to solve the problem? According to Random House Dictionary (1992), discipline is defined as â€Å"behavior in accord with rules of conduct. † It is an essential part of classroom management. Discipline in the classroom enables a teacher to focus on the task at hand, which is education our children. We will write a custom essay sample on Disruptive Behaviors or any similar topic only for you Order Now It also keeps a classroom or school in order and created a safer environment in which to learn. Disruptive behaviors in the classroom affect not only the student involved but also the teacher and other students. For example, if a student exhibits disruptive behavior as a means of gaining attention by throwing paper or talking during class, he or she takes the teacher off task to address his or her behavior. This also causes the other students to become off task. The disruptive student becomes satisfied because the attention rewards his/her negative behavior. These kinds of minor incidents, if rewarded, could lead to other forms of disruptions, which, if not controlled, could become aggressive and or violent situations. Take for instance the six-year old boy who shot and killed another six-year old classmate after a playground dispute in Mount Morris Township, MI on February 9, 2000 (Bonilla, 2000). If elementary school educators think the problem of crime, violence and aggression in youth will not affect them, then they must reconsider. This example has proven that the perpetrator is likely to be of any age, even as young as six-years old. As a teacher, one of my concerns is classroom management. In particular, I want to be well informed on the disruptive behavior of children, recognizing its causes and implementing a form of discipline that will not only stop the disruption and keep the students on task but also prevent it from occurring regularly. I believe being knowledgeable of the causes will enable us as educators to develop strategies to control and prevent these behaviors from occurring in the future, thus, keeping our students on task, as well as, making our schools a safer place to learn. This paper is organized in a three-fold manner, including research on the following focus areas: (1) overview of aggressive and disruptive behaviors and violence in schools; (2) possible causes and consequences for aggressive and disruptive behaviors; (3) strategies for assessment, intervention and prevention. Definitions/Overview of Concepts How do we begin to derive a solution to the problem of violence in our schools? It only seems appropriate to first define aggression and violence. Jan Jewett (1992), the author of Aggression and Cooperation: Helping Young Children Develop Constructive Strategies, defines aggression as â€Å"any intentional behavior that results in physical or mental injury to any person or animal, or in damage to or destruction of property. According to researcher Lorraine Wallach (1996), violence and aggression are often confused and are used interchangeably to mean the same thing. In fact, she states that aggression is inborn while violence is learned. Aggression provides the force that can cause violent behavior to erupt if it is not handled properly. Wallach’s definition of violence is very similar to Jewett’s definition of aggression. Wallach (1996) states, â€Å"violence means using force to hurt, violate or abuse persons or destroy property. † In their study, Kamps, Kravits, Stolze and Swaggart (1999) define aggression as, â€Å"purposeful physical contact intended to harm a peer or that could be harmful with force†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Basically this definition is synonymous with that of Jewett and Wallach. For the purpose of this paper, aggression is defined by using a variation of the above mentioned definitions as the force that causes disruptive and sometimes violent behaviors to flare. Violent behaviors are defined as intentional behaviors meant to hurt, violate or cause damage to any person or property as a result of aggression. Violence in Schools Rossman and Morley (1996) found that violence and crime in schools have been around for decades but the nature of the behaviors has changed. They found that forty years ago teachers were reporting the most common classroom problems to be tardiness, talkative students and gum chewing. The present-day grievances have changed dramatically. They include the presence of drugs, gangs, weapons, as well as concerns about verbal assaults, bullying, physical attack, robbery and rape (Rossman Morley, 1996). In their synthesis of research, Rossman Morley (1996) presented a 1993 Nationwide school-based survey by the Centers for Disease Control which reported the following results: 1. 4. 4% of 9th 12th graders missed at least one day of school because they felt unsafe on school grounds 2. 11. 8% reported carrying a weapon to school 3. 7. 3% of these students reported having been threatened or injured with a weapon on school property 4. 6. 2% reported having been involved in at least one physical fight at school 5. 32. 7% reported having property deliberately damaged or stolen while at school Much of the research presented in Rossman Morley’s article was conducted on adolescents and teenagers. Elementary educators should be aware of this research because they encounter these children before they become â€Å"problem chi ldren†. Elementary teachers have a great impact on the behavior of their students, especially as they become adolescents. For this reason, it is important for teachers to monitor the current research in order to prevent possible violent outbreaks among these children. A survey on the opinions of teachers, reported by the National Center for Education Statistics, revealed that teacher’s opinions on the safety of public schools are not good. This survey, conducted from 1987-88 to 1993-94, noted that elementary school teachers are reporting â€Å"physical conflicts as a moderate to serious problems† (Rossi Daugherty, 1996). Possible Causes and Consequences of Disruptive/Aggressive Behaviors According to child and adolescent psychiatrist Dr. Baer Max Ackerman (1998), there is no single pre-determining factor that causes aggressive behavior in children. Nature and Nurture interact to make up a child’s personality. This section of this paper will focus on both, internal and external factors that may cause aggressive and violent behaviors in children. Internal Factors Rossman and Morley (1996) give several internal and external causes for crime and violence in children. The biological factors or stressors include fetal alcohol syndrome, or crack babies. The factors impair the individuals’ abilities to exercise cognitive controls or engage in stable social relationships. This idea is also supported by Lorraine Wallach (1996), she states, â€Å"†¦brain research links early deprivation and abuse with physiological changes†¦which can be neurological or chemical may make the afflicted individuals susceptible to violent and addictive behavior†. Other research (Massey, 1998) indicates the consequences of violence in the early years include shaken baby syndrome which can cause, â€Å"†¦brain damage, blindness, cerebral palsy, hearing loss, spinal cord injury, seizures, learning disabilities and even death† (Massey, 1998). External Factors A study conducted by Stormshak and Bierman (2000) was designed to determine whether five distinct parenting practices could be related to various profiles of disruptive behavior problems in their children. The study included 631 kindergartners and their parents; they were from four areas of the United States, Durham, NC; Nashville, TN; Seattle, WA; and Central PA. The researchers (Stormshak and Bierman, 2000) collected their data through parenting interviews on reports of child behavior problems. A factor analysis was then conducted. The results of this study indicated that there is an association between parental physical aggression and aggressive child behavior. This finding suggests that spanking, physical aggression and violent forms of parenting are related to â€Å"active, aggressive, externalizing behaviors† (Stormshak Bierman, 2000). A limitation in research, according to the researchers, was their reliance solely on parent reports for the child’s behavior problems, as well as of parenting practices. The responses of the parents may have reflected what they believed to be acceptable parenting styles. Other researchers Nelson, Martella Galand, (1998) have found that parents that are unskilled in their use of punishment for their children’s disruptive behavior, and this only make things worse. Research (Aidman, 2000) done over the past forty years concludes that violence on television programs has negative effects on young viewers. Children learn to use the aggressive behavior they witness to benefit themselves. The learning of aggressive behavior has been forecasted to increase when the violence witnessed is justified, graphic, extensive or realistic, when the perpetrator is attractive, conventional weapons are present and when the violence is rewarded or presented in a humorous fashion. Aidman (2000) also suggests in her article that when children are repeatedly exposed to aggressive acts and violence, they become desensitized to its harmful and realistic consequences. The long-term effects of desensitization of violence have been of special concern for parents and educators of young children. Consequences of violence on children who witness violence include low self-esteem, withdrawal, nightmares, self-blame and aggression/violence towards peers and family members (Massey, 1998). Bullock, Fitzsimons, and Gable (1996) note, Factors that contribute to an increased likelihood of aggressive behavior include not only the child’s temperament and parent’s child-rearing and discipline practices, but also exposure to medial and real life violence- such as, spousal abuse/victimization, severe parental depression, chronic economic hardship, unemployment and family criminality. The external factors associated with crime and violence in children offered by Rossman and Morley (1996) are as follow: 1. Unsatisfactory family environment/relationships: poor parenting skills and child rearing conditions, insufficient nurturing and pro-social bonding, lack of parental supervision, ineffective or harsh discipline or repeated abuse 2. Limited opportunity routes attributed to social inequalities: these minimize youths’ exposure to pro-social role models and diminish youths’ ability to envision productive, secure futures 3. School factors that are conducive to disorder, crime and violence: –Overcrowding -High student/teacher ratio –Insufficient curricular/course relevance –Low student academic achievement and apathy Another study suggest the aggression in children emerges from being rejected by peers (Mounts, 1997). It is important for young children to have good peer relationships. Friendships and good peer relationships provide the following, according to Dr. Mounts: (1) companionship and support in stressful times such as divorce; (2) a source of fun and recreational activities; (3) loyal allies during tough interactions; (4) confidants and holders of secrets. This may allow a child to release tension and aggressive energy by talking to someone his or her own age. Peer relationships provide critical opportunities and outlets for children to learn to manage conflicts in their lives. According to research by Dr. Mounts (1997), children of single-parent homes, or homes where both parents work spend greater amounts of time in the company of peers. The following characteristics of peer-rejected children were cited in her research: (1) display high levels of verbally and physically aggressive behavior towards peers; (2) are disruptive; (3) frequently are off task in the classroom. These characteristics represent children who cause disruption and are a source of discipline problems in the classroom. Dr. Mounts (1997) found that 1/3 of all peer-rejected children were seen as highly aggressive. Forty-eight percent of rejected 6th graders were interested in receiving help in improving their peer relationships. Other research presented by Kamps, Kravits, Stolze and Swaggart (1999) supports this relationship; they report that early trends of antisocial behavior are later predicted to result in aggressive behavior. A study by Edmondson and Bullock (1998) was conducted using the method of focus group. It involved five elementary-school-aged boys, 3 Hispanic, 1 Asian American and 1 African-American students from grades 4 and 5 of an inner-city elementary alternative center. The study focus was on determining these students’ thoughts, feelings and perceptions on the topic of aggression and violence in schools. The researchers believed that students from this kind of setting could, â€Å"†¦provide educators with valuable information regarding youth who display aggressive and violent behavior† (p. 35). Results of this study (Edmondson Bullock, 1998) suggest that the behavior and thought patterns of young people are affected by their social skills. These subjects appeared hopeful about resolving aggressive and violent behaviors in schools (Edmondson and Bullock, 1998). This article identifies possible causes of aggression in youth to be linked to societal influences. Violence and aggression can also have adverse effects on learning, according to Massey (1998). She states, â€Å"academic achievement enhances the development of positive self-esteem and self-efficacy†¦which are necessary for children to experience emotional well-being and to achieve success† (p. 3). Strategies for Assessment, Intervention Prevention There is a wealth of information regarding intervention and prevention of aggression and violence in students. While conducting the research for this topic, I came across several articles and studies. Unfortunately, only a fraction of what is available to educators, parents and the interested public will be presented in this paper. Assessment Strategies Three elementary-aged boys in regular education classrooms, identified with extremely disruptive in-school behavior were included in a study by Ellis and Magee (1999) to assess activities of the Behavioral Assessment and Technology Support Systems (BATSS). The BATSS conducts functional analysis of very disruptive behavior in children labeled severely emotionally and behaviorally disordered. The subjects included a 10 year-old with ADHD, another 10 year-old with Pervasive Developmental Disorder and a 6 year-old with mild autism from two suburban school districts. The researchers (Ellis and Magee, 1999) gathered data from observation conducted by the observation team for 10 days during regular classrooms, special area classes, recess and lunch. According to Ellis and Magee (1999), †¦The goal of functional analysis is not to find the one true approach but to find the most appropriate strategy that will provide the most information and that will ultimately result in an effective intervention that can be implemented by the relevant personnel in a particular setting. (p. 6). Functional analysis assessment was used in the beginning on maladaptive behaviors, such as STB (self-injurious behavior), occurring with persons living in housing for those with developmental disabilities (Ellis and Magee, 1999). When this method of assessment was moved into natural settings, research was primarily conducted on persons with mental retardation. Functional analysis were rarely conducted in school settings. â€Å"Replicating the functional analysis in regular education class after analyzing the behavior†¦helps explain how the circumstances of a classroom routines modulate the effects of a procedure†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p. 93). In this replication of a BATSS study, †¦results suggest that validating each functional analysis outcome in the student’s classroom, with the teacher conducting the analysis, provides direct opportunity for the classroom teacher to observe the effects of directly applied behavioral contingencies on the students targeted behavior. (p. 1 8) This study provides evidence that when the results of a functional analysis produces changes in disruptive or inappropriate behavior, functional analysis can become institutionalized (Ellis and Magee, 1999). Another study by Scott, DeSimone, Fowler and Webb (2000) consisted of three male elementary-aged students whose behavior interfered with the quantity and quality of their classroom instruction. The researchers evaluated functional behavior assessment to develop interventions for disruptive behaviors. They state that in the past, teachers relied upon disapproval, punishment and exclusion as a means of eliminating disruptive classroom behavior. According to research (Scott et al. , 2000), these types of interventions are ineffective. Functional behavior assessment can be applied as a validated procedure for intervention with disruptive students. This involves â€Å"†¦identifying the purpose or function of student behavior followed by teaching and reinforcing more desirable replacement behaviors that are selected to serve the same function for the student. † Information obtained from the assessment can be used to define appropriate replacement behaviors, as well as, develop intervention strategies. Findings from this study show the importance of having a pre-planned intervention (Scott et al. , 2000). Prevention/Intervention Strategies Kamps, Kravits, Stolze and Swaggart (1999) cited several studies in which the researchers found that without intervention, antisocial behaviors beginning at an early age are predicted to develop into learning difficulties. Kamps et al. (1999) conducted a study on a total of 52 (28-target group and 24-control group) elementary and middle school students at risk for EBD (emotional and behavioral disorders) from urban schools. The researchers’ goal in this study was to investigate a â€Å"universal intervention† prevention program. The intervention consisted of behavioral management programs, social skills instruction and peer tutoring in reading. The researchers (Kamps et al. , 1999) found that student performance across several key behaviors in the target group improved the prevention program. This group also showed a decrease in aggression. They state, â€Å"†¦early interventions, such as programs for elementary-age students, may prevent further deterioration of behaviors and stop a negative trajectory toward academic and social failure. Overall, this study contributed to support the use of preventative programs for at-risk students and students with EBD in elementary schools (Kamp et al. , 1999). The results from this study may be applied to all students. Lorraine Wallach (1996) offers alternative suggestions to preventing aggression and violence among children. Her ideas are formed around the schools and centers that educate and care for young children. These include: 1. Schools should provide teache rs who exhibit warmth and kindness and are willing to make an investment in the children they educate 2. Teachers must show respect to children and their efforts to be independent 3. Schools should provide for young children an environment that is easily managed and orderly 4. Programs that are interesting, challenging and fun should be provided by the schools; these types of programs â€Å"provide an outlet for the aggressive energy†¦Ã¢â‚¬  as well as build self-confidence and self-esteem 5. Schools should offer many opportunities for self-expression; this gives children a chance to reveal their feelings, How to cite Disruptive Behaviors, Papers

Environmental Sustainability Construction â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Environmental Sustainability In Construction? Answer: Introduction The triple Bottom framework is a framework used by most of the companies and organization to measure the social, financial and environment achievements and issues of the company. The company to achieve greater value in present as well as in the future does this. Environmental factors have been one of the critical issues in the operations of the organization. Thus, it has been important for the company to track their environmental problems and solve it accordingly (Gold, Hahn Seuring, 2013). Sustainable development is an ability by which an organization meets their productivity goal while maintaining the need of the environment. Thus, in other words it can be stated that it is a process by which the organization develop by sustaining with the natural environment (Holden, Linnerud Banister, 2017). There is a high and positive relationship between the concept of triple bottom line and sustainability development. This is because according to the TBL model it is important for the organization to measure their social, financial and environment goals. On the other hand, to get a good measurement and result of their environmental goals the organization should adopt sustainable development process. Thus, only by carrying out their operations sustainably the organization can get a good measure in the environmental factor of sustainability (Griggs et al., 2013). Tripe bottom lines relate to the sustainable development criteria. This is because TBL explains the measurement of achievements by the organization and sustainable development shows the way to achieve the goals sustainably. Thus, after targeting, the goals related to social, financial and environmental the organization then decides the ways by which it will develop sustainably. Thus, TBL is important for sustainable development as it help them measure the needs of carrying out their efforts towards the environment. TBL also helps the company to know the effect on their development if they do not operate sustainably (Milne Gray, 2013). Sustainability if assumed to be a broad concept and is applied in a number of contexts such as environmental sustainability, business sustainability and many more. Thus, it is also applied in the construction business while carrying out their task. It is a way by which the company carries out their activity without compromising the resources for the future generation. The construction business is a business that emits a lot of harmful elements on the environment because of its drilling and digging activities it is involved in (Kibert, 2016). Thus, it is necessary to decide on the sustainability strategy in the beginning of the business. However, it is seen that the managers of the construction business can only reduce the harmful effect of the rework without completely eliminating it. TBL also plays a significant role in carrying out the construction work sustainably. As TBL helps to measure the degree of environmental achievement by the company, it will help the construction busines s to structure out the level of achievement and the further sustainability they need (Winkler, Deller, Marcouiller, 2015). The report discuses about the sustainability effort of a construction company named ADCO Construction by analyzing its strategies. Further, it discusses about the organizational profile, reporting parameters and management approach towards sustainability. Lastly, it analyses the challenges and issues associated with the sustainability in the internal and external environment of Construction Company like ADCO. Introduction to the company ADCO construction is a building making and construction company in Australia. It is one of the successful companies in Australia and aims at delivering some of the best projects across the country. The company was started in 1972 and has recently completed a total of 3500 projects under them. The company stands in Australia with a value of $10 billion and a profit of $1 billion. It has varieties of projects under them that ranges from $1 million to $150 million. Some of the clients of the business are repeated customers as they value the quality of buildings and projects the company covers. This is because the company is known for offering the projects in time, within the budget and without many complexities. The operation team of the company travels all over Australia to offer their building and designing services. This helps the organization offer their services without any boundaries. The company uses the best and modern techniques and materials for their business to offer the bes t quality projects. However, it is necessary for a construction business to maintain sustainability in their working environment to eliminate all the harmful effect of their activities. This will help the company attain sustainability development and to measure their value with the help of TBL (Blumberga et al., 2014). This is because the harmful effect omitted by eh companys operation will not only effect the environment, will also reduce their value in the market. Thus, in order to be in the top line of the triple bottom line model it is necessary that the organization abide by it. The top activities of the business are construction, designing, cost planning and contractor business (Overview, 2017). Strategy and analysis The strategy adopted by the company is mainly a competitive strategy. This is because the company has always tried to become the best in the field they operate. It has always aimed to be the most developed construction company in Australia by providing the best quality projects and at a competitive price and quality (Gamble Thompson 2014). However, to achieve this it has taken various modern machineries and equipment used for its construction activities. To achieve their target in time the company has also taken up an integrated management system, which helps them offer the project in time and with the best quality. To keep a track of their work and activity the company maintains an audit team and tries to audit the work on a monthly basis. This helps them see the loopholes are their operation and fix it to be competitively stronger in the construction industry. However, while achieving their aims and goals the company also maintains a standard with the environment and abides by it (Yeheyis, et al., 2013). They have their own team of safety management, quality management and environment management. All the three management are certified to the ISO rules and looks after the effect the operation process of the business is putting on the environment. The company is also an active member of green building council in Australia in which it has adopted some sustainable development practices. These activities of the company will help them develop sustainably and increase their value in the Triple Bottom Lines. Organizational profile History of the company The company focused in this paper named ADCO Construction is a forty-six years old company operating since 1972. Since then the company has only grown and captured huge market share. It is rated among the top fifty-construction company in Australia. It has always been committed to most of their client regarding their work and delivery. The company also holds some of their employees that are more than seven years old in this organization (Overview, 2017). Industry experience Since the time of introduction, the company has presently acquired a huge space in Australia. This is because of the multiple products and services it offers to the clients and witout any area bound. It has an experience of developing a total of 3500 projects including constructions, design and others and has earned a value of $10 billion (Overview, 2017). It has developed building and infrastructures of some of the most known clients in Australia such as the government in all level such as federal, state and local, private enterprises as well as the institutions owned privately as well as by the government. This has helped the company to acquire a lot of skills and knowledge of the business. It has also adopted continuous innovations and improvement in their operations to ensure a good market position. This has helped the company to hold a strong market position and resources. Product Range The product range of the company comprises of both the services and the projects that the organization offer to the customers. Major categories of products that the organization offers are buildings, designing, modeling and others. The basic products that the company offers to the customers such as the in aviation, commercial, community, education, green, health center, retail and many more. The organization offers these products to the customers through its offices in Sydney, Brisbane, Melbourne, Gold Coast, Townsville and Perth. This is the basis of strength for the company through which it grows. The company also offers various services to the customers in order to help them easily avail the products offered by it from time to time and other queries. Some of the services of the company are: Contracting services Managing the contractor services Enquiry department Designing Managing the designing process Cost planning Project budget enquiry team The services are offered to the customer from the company with the help and support fo some crucial person of the business such as the national Management Team and other management teams. Reporting parameters Product Time Cost Quality Quantity Construction 6 months $1 million to $125 million High quality 1 project Designing 1 months $1 million to $20 million Premium and modern designing 1 project Cost planning 1 months Not required Structured and reasonable 10 clients Green Building 12 months $1 million to $100 million Environmental friendly 1 building Governance, commitments and engagement The company also abides by the rules and policies of the government such as maintain the business internal and external environment and the limitation of pollution they can make in the environment they are operating. ADCO also take up projects from government sectors from both the federal, local and state level. This shows that the company maintains a good relationship with the government and fulfills the entire commitments hat it is entitled. It carries out a good government and company engagement. Management The management team of the company is the most important part as they are the one that carries out all the important activities of the company. The company holds a good management team both for their construction activities and for maintaining the sustainability work. The management team for its constructing and designing work is the Board of Directors, National Management Team and others. For their sustainability work, the company has adopted teams under the name of Green Project that helped the company in building environmental friendly buildings to the customers (Pacheco-Torgal, 2014). Challenges and issue in reporting sustainability From the above discussion, it can be seen that the company does carry out certain sustainability program through its new Green Building project and has recently completed six Green Building in Australia (Wang, Toppinen, Juslin, 2014). However, the company still faces certain challenges in carrying out a successful sustainability initiatives. This is because it is not possible for the management team to induce sustainability in all its construction and services. It is impossible for any construction company to eliminate the pollution and emission it causes due to its building works. This is because the type of activities it is indulge into requires digging and drilling of the surface and use paint for designing purpose that contains harmful ingredients which adds to the air pollution (Madurwar, Ralegaonkar Mandavgane, 2013). This can possess a lot of challenge on the organization to meet with the environmental aspect successfully. This is because the type of operations that they fol low is difficult for them to change them completely according to the needs of the environment. They need to think of some other methods by which they can just reduce the impact of their operation. However, the company has come up with Green Building, which they are making, and has successfully completed 6 Green Star buildings (Keeler, Vaidya, 2016). The company was able to adopt this concept of sustainability in its operation with the help of its in house expertise. The project launched by the company with the proper certification of ISO 14001 to maintain the concept of sustainability in their business. Only through such ways, the company can think of developing sustainably (Feng, 2013). It also has various types of programs and management team for safety operations such as the Environmental Management and Quality Management team. However, some sort of issues will be faced by the construction work as without digging the earth and putting the pillars a building cannot be made. This causes some sort of air pollution in the surrounded area where the building is being made. The company more or less abides by the environmental issues of construction and faces minimum challenges and issues in this concern (Bebbington, Unerman O'Dwyer, 2014). Conclusion From the above analysis, it can be concluded that sustainability is important for the organization to grow and develop. Developing sustainably is becoming crucial in todays world and is helps in measuring the value of the organization in the Triple Bottom line framework. ADCO is a construction company, which has grown over the years and acquired a market value of $10 billion. The company has also used successful sustainability management tools and implemented a new type of Green building abiding by the need of the environment. The organization has also been successful in implementing their new sustainability programs and ideas. 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